# Trigonometrical Ratios of (90° + θ)

What is the relation among all the trigonometrical ratios of (90° + θ)?

In trigonometrical ratios of angles (90° + θ) we will find the relation between all six trigonometrical ratios.

Let a rotating line OA rotates about O in the anti-clockwise direction, from initial position to ending position makes an angle ∠XOA = θ again the same rotating line rotates in the same direction and makes an angle ∠AOB =90°.

 Diagram 1 Diagram 2 Diagram 3 Diagram 4

Therefore we see that, ∠XOB = 90° + θ

Take a point C on OA and draw CD perpendicular to OX or OX’.

Again, take a point E on OB such that OE = OC and draw EF perpendicular to OX or OX’. From the right-angled ∆ OCD and ∆ OEF we get,

∠COD = ∠OEF [since OB ⊥ OA]

and OC = OE.

Therefore, ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF (congruent).

Therefore according to the definition of trigonometric sign, OF = - DC, FE = OD and OE = OC

We observe that in diagram 1 and 4 OF and DC are opposite signs and FE, OD are either both positive. Again we observe that in diagram 2 and 3 OF and DC are opposite signs and FE, OD are both negative.

According to the definition of trigonometric ratio we get,

sin (90° + θ) = $$\frac{FE}{OE}$$

sin (90° + θ) = $$\frac{OD}{OC}$$, [FE = OD and OE = OC, since ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF]

sin (90° + θ) = cos θ

cos (90° + θ) = $$\frac{OF}{OE}$$

cos (90° + θ) = $$\frac{- DC}{OC}$$, [OF = -DC and OE = OC, since ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF]

cos (90° + θ) = - sin θ.

tan (90° + θ) = $$\frac{FE}{OF}$$

tan (90° + θ) = $$\frac{OD}{- DC}$$, [FE = OD and OF = - DC, since ∆ OCD ≅ ∆ OEF]

tan (90° + θ) = - cot θ.

Similarly, csc (90° + θ) = $$\frac{1}{sin (90° + \Theta)}$$

csc (90° + θ) =  $$\frac{1}{cos \Theta}$$

csc (90° + θ) = sec θ.

sec (90° + θ) = $$\frac{1}{cos (90° + \Theta)}$$

sec (90° + θ) =  $$\frac{1}{- sin \Theta}$$

sec (90° + θ) = - csc θ.

and cot (90° + θ) = $$\frac{1}{tan (90° + \Theta)}$$

cot (90° + θ) = $$\frac{1}{- cot \Theta}$$

cot (90° + θ) = - tan θ.

Solved examples:

1. Find the value of sin 135°.

Solution:

sin 135° = sin (90 + 45)°

= cos 45°; since we know, sin (90° + θ) = cos θ

= $$\frac{1}{√2}$$

2. Find the value of tan 150°.

Solution:

tan 150° = tan (90 + 60)°

= - cot 60°; since we know, tan (90° + θ) = - cot θ

= $$\frac{1}{√3}$$

Trigonometric Functions