Multiplication of a Number
by a 3-Digit Number

In multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number are explained here step by step.

Consider the following examples on multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number:

I. Examples to multiply 2-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:

1. Find the product of 36 × 137

Solution:

(i)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 137 = 7 + 30 + 100

(b) 36 × 7 = 252

(c) 36 × 30= 1080

(d) 36 × 100 = 3600

(ii)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 137 = 7 ones + 3 tens + 1 hundred

(b) 36 × 7 ones = 252 ones

(c) 36 × 8 tens = 108 tens

(d) 36 × 1 hundred = 36 hundreds

II. Examples to multiply 3-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:

1. Multiply 543 by 278

Solution:

(i)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 278 = 8 + 70 + 200

(b) 543 × 8 = 4344

(c) 543 × 70 = 38010

(d) 543 × 200 = 108600

Product = 150954

(ii)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 278 = 8 ones + 7 T + 2 H

(b) 543 × 8 ones = 4344 ones

(c) 543 × 7 T = 3801 tens

(d) 543 × 2 H = 1086 hundreds

Product = 150954

2. Multiply 827 × 107

Solution:

(i)

$multiplication by a 3-digit number$

→ 100 + 7

Multiply by 7

Multiply by 100

Answer: 88489

(ii) 474 × 240

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

→ 200 + 40

Multiply by 40

Multiply by 200

Answer: 113760

Multiplying by 3-Digit Number

3. Find the product of 528 and 378.

Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically.

Step II: Multiply 528 by 8

528 × 8 = 4224

Step III: Multiply 528 by 70

528 × 70 = 36960

Step IV: Multiply 528 by 300

528 × 300 = 158400

Step V: Add: 4224, 36960 and 158400

4224 + 36960 + 158400 = 199584

$Multiplying by 3-Digit Number$

Hence, 528 × 378 = 199584

III. Example to multiply 4-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:

3. Multiply 2437 by 324

Solution:

(i) First Method

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 324 = 4 + 20 + 300

(b) 2437 × 4 = 9748

(c) 2437 × 20 = 48740

(d) 2437 × 300 = 731100

The product = 789588

(ii) Second Method

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 324 = 4 ones + 2 tens + 3 hundreds

(b) 2437 × 4 ones = 9748 ones

(c) 2437 × 2 T = 4874 tens

(d) 2437 × 3 H = 7311 hundreds

The product = 789588

These are the examples discussed on multiplication of a 2-digit, 3-digit and 4-digit number by a 3-digit number.

Questions and Answers on Multiplication of a Number by a 3-Digit Number:

1. Multiply the given 3-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers by column method.

(i) 137 × 112 = __________

(ii) 258 × 135 = __________

(iii) 429 × 283 = __________

(iv) 647 × 465 = __________

(v) 874 × 509 = __________

(vi) 173 × 194 = __________

Answers:

(i) 15344

(ii) 34830

(iii) 121407

(iv) 300855

(v) 444866

(vi) 33562

2. Multiply the given 4-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers by column method.

(i) 1392 × 271 = __________

(ii) 2058 × 380 = __________

(iii) 5483 × 126 = __________

(iv) 4021 × 108 = __________

(v) 3281 × 288 = __________

(vi) 3016 × 160 = __________

Answers:

(i) 377232

(ii) 782040

(iii) 690858

(iv) 434268

(v) 944928

(vi) 482560

You might like these

Worksheet on Word Problems on Division | Solve Division Problems

In worksheet on word problems on division, all grade students can practice the questions on word problems involving division. This exercise sheet on word problems on division can be practiced by the students to get more ideas to solve division problems.
Worksheet on Estimating Sums and Differences | Find the Estimated Sum

In 4th grade worksheet on estimating sums and differences, all grade students can practice the questions on estimations.This exercise sheet on estimating sums and differences can be practiced
Estimating Sums and Differences | Estimations | Practical Calculations

For estimating sums and differences in the number we use the rounded numbers for estimations to its nearest tens, hundred, and thousand. In many practical calculations, only an approximation is required rather than an exact answer. To do this, numbers are rounded off to a
Worksheet on Mixed Addition and Subtraction | Questions on Addition

In worksheet on mixed addition and subtraction the questions involve both addition and subtraction together; all grade students can practice the questions on addition and subtraction together.
Worksheet on Word Problems on Addition and Subtraction Together | Ans

In 4th grade worksheet on word problems on addition and subtraction, all grade students can practice the questions on word problems based on addition and subtraction. This exercise sheet on
Check for Subtraction and Addition | Checking Subtraction | Problems

We will learn to check for subtraction and addition answers after solving. Difference of two numbers is correct when the sum of the subtrahend number and the difference is equal to the minuend.
Rounding off Numbers | Nearest Multiple of 10 | Nearest Whole Number

Rounding off numbers are discussed here, where we need to round a number. (i) If we purchase anything and its cost is $12 and 23¢, the cost is rounded up to it’s nearest $ 12 and 23¢ is left. (ii) If we purchase another thing and its cost is $15.78. The cost is rounded up
Place Value | Place, Place Value and Face Value | Grouping the Digits

The place value of a digit in a number is the value it holds to be at the place in the number. We know about the place value and face value of a digit and we will learn about it in details. We know that the position of a digit in a number determines its corresponding value
Standard Form of a Number | Expanded Form | Numeral in Standard Form

We will learn how to write the numeral in standard form. Here the standard form means the process of writing very large expanded form of a number into small form or small number. How to write the number in standard form? Here we will convert expanded form into standard
Expanded Form of a Number | Writing Numbers in Expanded Form | Values

We know that the number written as sum of the place-values of its digits is called the expanded form of a number. In expanded form of a number, the number is shown according to the place values of its digits. This is shown here: In 2385, the place values of the digits are
Money Bills | Prepare a Bill for the Purchases | Copy of an Invoice

We often buy things and then we get money bills of the items. The shopkeeper gives us a bill containing information about what we purchase. Different items purchased by us, their rates and the total
Worksheet on Bills | Bills & Billing of Different Items |Cost of items

We will practice the questions given in the worksheet on bills and billing of different items. We know bill is a slip of paper on which a shopkeeper notes down the requirements of a buyer
Estimating Products | Estimation in Multiplication | Rounding Numbers

To estimate the product, we first round off the multiplier and the multiplicand to the nearest tens, hundreds, or thousands and then multiply the rounded numbers. Estimating products by rounding numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, thousand etc., we know how to estimate
Worksheet on Forming Numbers with Digits | Smallest & Greatest Numbers

In the worksheet on forming numbers with digits, the questions will help us to practice how to form different types of smallest and greatest numbers using different digits. We know that all the numbers are formed with the digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
Worksheets on Comparison of Numbers | Find the Greatest Number

In worksheets on comparison of numbers students can practice the questions for fourth grade to compare numbers. This worksheet contains questions on numbers like to find the greatest number, arranging the numbers etc…. Find the greatest number: