Multiplication of a Number
by a 3-Digit Number
In multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number are explained here step by step.
Consider the following examples on multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number:
I. Examples to multiply 2-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:
1. Find the product of 36 × 137
Solution:
(i)
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(a) 137 = 7 + 30 + 100
(b) 36 × 7 = 252
(c) 36 × 30= 1080
(d) 36 × 100 = 3600
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(ii)
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(a) 137 = 7 ones + 3 tens + 1 hundred
(b) 36 × 7 ones = 252 ones
(c) 36 × 8 tens = 108 tens
(d) 36 × 1 hundred = 36 hundreds
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II. Examples to multiply 3-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:
1. Multiply 543 by 278
Solution:
(i)
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(a) 278 = 8 + 70 + 200
(b) 543 × 8 = 4344
(c) 543 × 70 = 38010
(d) 543 × 200 = 108600
Product = 150954
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(ii)
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(a) 278 = 8 ones + 7 T + 2 H
(b) 543 × 8 ones = 4344 ones
(c) 543 × 7 T = 3801 tens
(d) 543 × 2 H = 1086 hundreds
Product = 150954
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2. Multiply 827 × 107
Solution:
(i)
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→ 100 + 7
Multiply by 7
Multiply by 100
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Answer: 88489
(ii) 474 × 240
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→ 200 + 40
Multiply by 40
Multiply by 200
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Answer: 113760
Multiplying by 3-Digit Number
3. Find the product of 528 and 378.
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Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically. Step II: Multiply 528 by 8 528 × 8 = 4224 Step III: Multiply 528 by 70 528 × 70 = 36960 Step IV: Multiply 528 by 300 528 × 300 = 158400 Step V: Add: 4224, 36960 and 158400 4224 + 36960 + 158400 = 199584
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Hence, 528 × 378 = 199584
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III. Example to multiply 4-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:
3. Multiply 2437 by 324
Solution:
(i) First Method
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(a) 324 = 4 + 20 + 300
(b) 2437 × 4 = 9748
(c) 2437 × 20 = 48740
(d) 2437 × 300 = 731100
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The product = 789588
(ii) Second Method
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(a) 324 = 4 ones + 2 tens + 3 hundreds
(b) 2437 × 4 ones = 9748 ones
(c) 2437 × 2 T = 4874 tens
(d) 2437 × 3 H = 7311 hundreds
The product = 789588
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These are the examples discussed on multiplication of a 2-digit, 3-digit and 4-digit number by a 3-digit number.
Questions and Answers on Multiplication of a Number by a 3-Digit Number:
1. Multiply the given 3-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers by column method.
(i) 137 × 112 = __________
(ii) 258 × 135 = __________
(iii) 429 × 283 = __________
(iv) 647 × 465 = __________
(v) 874 × 509 = __________
(vi) 173 × 194 = __________
Answers:
(i) 15344
(ii) 34830
(iii) 121407
(iv) 300855
(v) 444866
(vi) 33562
2. Multiply the given 4-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers by column method.
(i) 1392 × 271 = __________
(ii) 2058 × 380 = __________
(iii) 5483 × 126 = __________
(iv) 4021 × 108 = __________
(v) 3281 × 288 = __________
(vi) 3016 × 160 = __________
Answers:
(i) 377232
(ii) 782040
(iii) 690858
(iv) 434268
(v) 944928
(vi) 482560
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Related Concept
● Addition
● Word
Problems on Addition
● Subtraction
● Check
for Subtraction and Addition
● Word
Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction
● Estimating
Sums and Differences
● Find the
Missing Digits
● Multiplication
● Multiply
a Number by a 2-Digit Number
● Multiplication
of a Number by a 3-Digit Number
● Multiply a Number
● Estimating Products
● Word
Problems on Multiplication
● Multiplication
and Division
● Terms Used in
Division
● Division
of Two-Digit by a One-Digit Numbers
● Division
of Four-Digit by a One-Digit Numbers
● Division
by 10 and 100 and 1000
● Dividing Numbers
● Estimating
the Quotient
● Division
by Two-Digit Numbers
● Word
Problems on Division
4th Grade Math Activities
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