Multiplication of a Number
by a 3-Digit Number

We know to multiply two digit numbers by two-digit numbers, and three-digit numbers by one-digit or two-digit numbers.

Now, we will learn the multiplication by three-digit numbers.

In multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number are explained here step by step.

Consider the following examples on multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number:

I. Examples to multiply 2-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:

1. Find the product of 36 × 137

Solution:

(i)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 137 = 7 + 30 + 100

(b) 36 × 7 = 252

(c) 36 × 30= 1080

(d) 36 × 100 = 3600

(ii)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 137 = 7 ones + 3 tens + 1 hundred

(b) 36 × 7 ones = 252 ones

(c) 36 × 8 tens = 108 tens

(d) 36 × 1 hundred = 36 hundreds

II. Examples to multiply 3-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:

2. Multiply 543 by 278

Solution:

(i)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 278 = 8 + 70 + 200

(b) 543 × 8 = 4344

(c) 543 × 70 = 38010

(d) 543 × 200 = 108600

Product = 150954

(ii)

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 278 = 8 ones + 7 T + 2 H

(b) 543 × 8 ones = 4344 ones

(c) 543 × 7 T = 3801 tens

(d) 543 × 2 H = 1086 hundreds

Product = 150954

3. Multiply 827 × 107

Solution:

(i)

$multiplication by a 3-digit number$

→ 100 + 7

Multiply by 7

Multiply by 100

Answer: 88489

(ii) 474 × 240

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

→ 200 + 40

Multiply by 40

Multiply by 200

Answer: 113760

Multiplying by 3-Digit Number

4. Find the product of 528 and 378.

Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically.

Step II: Multiply 528 by 8

528 × 8 = 4224

Step III: Multiply 528 by 70

528 × 70 = 36960

Step IV: Multiply 528 by 300

528 × 300 = 158400

Step V: Add: 4224, 36960 and 158400

4224 + 36960 + 158400 = 199584

$Multiplying by 3-Digit Number$

Hence, 528 × 378 = 199584

5. Multiply 345 by 224.

$Multiply 3-Digit by 3-Digit$

The product is 77,280.

Step I: Multiply 345 by 4 ones.

345 × 4 = 1380 ones

= 1380

Step II: Multiply 345 by 2 tens.

345 × 2 = 690 tens

= 6900

Step III: Multiply 345 by 2 hundreds.

345 × 2 = 690 hundreds

= 69000

Step IV: Add the products.

III. Example to multiply 4-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers:

6. Multiply 2437 by 324

Solution:

(i) First Method

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 324 = 4 + 20 + 300

(b) 2437 × 4 = 9748

(c) 2437 × 20 = 48740

(d) 2437 × 300 = 731100

The product = 789588

(ii) Second Method

$multiplication by a 3-digit numbers$

(a) 324 = 4 ones + 2 tens + 3 hundreds

(b) 2437 × 4 ones = 9748 ones

(c) 2437 × 2 T = 4874 tens

(d) 2437 × 3 H = 7311 hundreds

The product = 789588

These are the examples discussed on multiplication of a 2-digit, 3-digit and 4-digit number by a 3-digit number.

7. Multiply 2345 by 142.

$Multiply 4-Digit by a 3-Digit Numbers$

The product is 3,32,990.

Step I: Multiply 2345 by 2 ones.

2345 × 2 = 4690 ones

= 4690

Step II: Multiply 2345 by 4 tens.

2345 × 4 = 9380 tens

= 93800

Step III: Multiply 2345 by 1 hundred.

2345 × 1 = 2345 hundreds

= 234500

Step IV: Add the products.

Questions and Answers on Multiplication of a Number by a 3-Digit Number:

1. Multiply the given 3-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers by column method.

(i) 137 × 112 = __________

(ii) 258 × 135 = __________

(iii) 429 × 283 = __________

(iv) 647 × 465 = __________

(v) 874 × 509 = __________

(vi) 173 × 194 = __________

Answers:

(i) 15344

(ii) 34830

(iii) 121407

(iv) 300855

(v) 444866

(vi) 33562

2. Multiply the given 4-digit numbers by a 3-digit numbers by column method.

(i) 1392 × 271 = __________

(ii) 2058 × 380 = __________

(iii) 5483 × 126 = __________

(iv) 4021 × 108 = __________

(v) 3281 × 288 = __________

(vi) 3016 × 160 = __________

Answers:

(i) 377232

(ii) 782040

(iii) 690858

(iv) 434268

(v) 944928

(vi) 482560

3. Multiply the following.

(i) 5424 × 8

(ii) 58549 × 128

(iii) 456 × 729

(iv) 639 × 199

(v) 5024 × 632

(vi) 76592 × 8

Answer:

3. (i) 43392

(ii) 7494272

(iii) 332424

(iv) 127161

(v) 3175168

(vi) 612736

You might like these

Successor and Predecessor | Successor of a Whole Number | Predecessor
The number that comes just before a number is called the predecessor. So, the predecessor of a given number is 1 less than the given number. Successor of a given number is 1 more than the given number. For example, 9,99,99,999 is predecessor of 10,00,00,000 or we can also
$The various types of fractions are: 1. Like fractions: The fractions having the same denominators are known as like fractions.$

Types of Fractions |Like Fractions|Unit fractions|Proper & Improper Fr
The various types of fractions are: 1. Like fractions: The fractions having the same denominators are known as like fractions.
4th Grade Numbers Worksheets | Place Value Chart | Expended Form
In 5th Grade Numbers Worksheets we will solve how to read and write large numbers, use of place value chart to write a number in expanded form, represent the large number on the abacus, write the number in standard form, compare with another number and arrange numbers
Word Problems on Division | Examples on Word Problems on Division
Word problems on division for fourth grade students are solved here step by step. Consider the following examples on word problems involving division: 1. $5,876 are distributed equally among 26 men. How much money will each person get?
Word Problems on Multiplication |Multiplication Word Problem Worksheet
Word problems on multiplication for fourth grade students are solved here step by step. Problem Sums Involving Multiplication: 1. 24 folders each has 56 sheets of paper inside them. How many sheets of paper are there altogether? Solution: We can add 56 sheets 24 times
Division by Two-Digit Numbers | Knowledge of Estimation | Division
In division by two-digit numbers we will practice dividing two, three, four and five digits by two-digit numbers. Consider the following examples on division by two-digit numbers: Let us use our knowledge of estimation to find the actual quotient. 1. Divide 94 by 12
Division by 10 and 100 and 1000 |Division Process|Facts about Division
Division by 10 and 100 and 1000 are explained here step by step. when we divide a number by 10, the digit at ones place of the given number becomes the remainder and the digits at the remaining places of the number given the quotient.
Terms Used in Division | Dividend | Divisor | Quotient | Remainder
The terms used in division are dividend, divisor, quotient and remainder. Division is repeated subtraction. For example: 24 ÷ 6 How many times would you subtract 6 from 24 to reach 0?
Multiplication | How to Multiply a One, Two or Three-digit Number?
In multiplication we know how to multiply a one, two or three-digit number by another 1 or 2-digit number. We also know how to multiply a four-digit number by a 2-digit number. We also know the different methods of multiplication. Here, we shall make use of the methods and
Subtraction with Regrouping | 4-Digit, 5-Digit and 6-Digit Subtraction
We will learn subtraction 4-digit, 5-digit and 6-digit numbers with regrouping. Subtraction of 4-digit numbers can be done in the same way as we do subtraction of smaller numbers. We first arrange the numbers one below the other in place value columns and then we start
Addition & Subtraction Together |Combination of addition & subtraction
We will solve the different types of problems involving addition and subtraction together. To show the problem involving both addition and subtraction, we first group all the numbers with ‘+’ and ‘-‘ signs. We find the sum of the numbers with ‘+’ sign and similarly the sum
4th Grade Subtraction Worksheets | 4-Digit Subtraction |Math Only Math
In 4th grade subtraction worksheet we will solve 4-Digit Subtraction, word problem on subtraction, Estimate the difference by rounding off the given numbers, successor and predecessor of a number.
Find the Missing Digits | Missing Digits in Addition and Subtraction
How to find the missing digits in the blank spaces? Add the ONES: 5 + 9 = 14 Regroup as 1 Ten and 4 Ones Add the TENS: 2 + 1 carry over = 3 Write 2 in the box to make 3 + 2 = 5 Add the HUNDREDS: 4
Subtraction without Regrouping |4-Digit, 5-Digit & 6-Digit Subtraction
We will learn subtracting 4-digit, 5-digit and 6-digit numbers without regrouping. We first arrange the numbers one below the other in place value columns and then subtract the digits under each column as shown in the following examples. 1. Subtract 3248 from 6589.
Subtraction | How to Subtract 2-digit, 3-digit, 4-digit Numbers?|Steps
The answer of a subtraction sum is called DIFFERENCE. How to subtract 2-digit numbers? Steps are shown to subtract 2-digit numbers.