Multiply a Number

How to multiply a number by 10, 100.....?

When we multiply a number by 10, the value of the number increases and the digits of the number move one place to the left on the place value chart. 

(a) 24 × 10 

2 4 × 1 0 = 2 4 0 

(b) 372 × 10

3 7 2 × 1 0 = 3 7 2 0 

Similarly, on multiplying by 100, the value of the number increases and the digits of the number move two places to the left on the place value chart. 

(a) 36 × 100 

3 6 × 1 0 0 = 3 6 0 0 

(b) 493 × 100 

4 9 3 × 1 0 0 = 4 9 3 0 0

The number of places the digits shift is equal to the number of zeros in the multiplier.

Multiply by 10 — digits shift one place to the left.

Multiply by 100 — digits shift two places to the left.

Multiply by 1000 — digits shift three places to the left.

How to multiply a number by 200, 300 400.....?

(i) 27 × 200

= 27 × 2 × 100

First we multiply the non - zero digits.

27 × 2 = 54

Then we count the number of zeros in both the factors and place them at the end.

27 × 200 = 5400

(ii) 346 × 300

346 × 3 = 1038

There are 2 zeros in the two factors.

Place the zeros at the end.

Answer: 103800

(iii) 240 × 400

24 × 4 = 96

There are 3 zeros in the factors.

(one in 240 and two in 300).

Answer: 96000

Related Concept

● Addition

● Word Problems on Addition

● Subtraction

● Check for Subtraction and Addition

● Word Problems Involving Addition and Subtraction

● Estimating Sums and Differences

● Find the Missing Digits

● Multiplication

● Multiply a Number by a 2-Digit Number

● Multiplication of a Number by a 3-Digit Number

● Multiply a Number

● Estimating Products

● Word Problems on Multiplication

● Multiplication and Division

● Terms Used in Division

● Division of Two-Digit by a One-Digit Numbers

● Division of Four-Digit by a One-Digit Numbers

● Division by 10 and 100 and 1000

● Dividing Numbers

● Estimating the Quotient

● Division by Two-Digit Numbers

● Word Problems on Division

4th Grade Math Activities

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