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Multiplication by Ten, Hundred and Thousand

To multiply a number by 10, 100, or 1000 we need to count the number of zeroes in the multiplier and write the same number of zeroes to the right of the multiplicand.

Rules for the multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000:

Multiply by 10:

If we multiply a whole number by a 10, then we write one zero at the end of the multiplicand.

For example:

1275 × 10 = 12750

Multiply by Tens:

To multiply by tens write one zero (0) at the end of product and then multiply the remaining numbers.

$Multiplication by Tens$

To multiply a number by 10, 20, 30, .........., 90, multiply the number by 1, 2, 3, ........, 9 respectively and insert one zero on the right of the product

For example:

1. Multiply 624 by 30

Solution:

Step I: Multiply 624 by 3.

6 2 4

× 3

1 8 7 2

Step II: Insert one arm on the right of the product to get 18720

Hence, 624 × 30 = 18720

2. Multiply 1,366 by 90

Solution:

Step I: Multiply 1369 by 9

1 3 6 9

× 9

1 2 3 2 1

Step II: Insert one zero on the right of the product to get 1,23,210.

Hence, 1,369 × 90 = 1,23,210.

Multiply by 100:

If we multiply a whole number by a 100, then we write two zeros at the end of the multiplicand.

For example:

1275 × 100 = 127500

Multiply by Hundreds:

To multiply by hundreds write two zero (00) at the end then multiply the remaining numbers.

$Multiplication by Hundreds$

To multiply a number by 100, 200, 300, ............... 900, we multiply the number by 1, 2, 3, ........... 9 respectively and insert two zeroes on the right of the product.

For example:

1. Multiply 167 by 300

Solution:

Step I: Multiply 167 by 3

1 6 7

× 3

5 0 1

Step II: Insert two zeros on the right of the product to get 50,100.

Hence, 167 × 300 = 50,100

2. Multiply 142 by 800

Solution:

Step I: Multiply 242 by 8.

2 4 2

× 8

1 9 3 6

Step II: Insert two zeros in the right of the product to get 1,93,600.

Hence, 242 × 800 = 1,93,600.

Multiply by 1000: If we multiply a whole number by a 1000, then we write three zeros at the end of the multiplicand.

For example:

1275 × 1000 = 1275000

Multiply by Thousands:

To multiply by thousands write three zero (000) at the end then multiply the remaining numbers.

$Multiplication by Thousands$

To multiply a number by 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, .............. 9,000, we multiply the number by 1, 2, 3, ............ 9 respectively and insert three zeroes on the right of the product.

For example:

1. Multiply 231 by 3,000.

Solution:

Step I: Multiply 231 by 3.

2 3 1

× 3

6 9 3

Step II: Insert three zeroes on the right of the product to get 6,93,000.

Hence, 231 × 3,000 = 6,93,000.

2. Multiply 105 by 7,000.

Solution:

Step I: Multiply 105 by 7.

1 0 5

× 7

7 3 5

Step II: Insert three zeroes on the right of the product to get 7,35,000

Hence, 105 × 7000 = 7,35,000

Multiplying with Zeros Video

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I. Multiplying by 10, 20, 30, ... 90

1. How do you multiply by 10?

To multiply a number by 10, put a zero to the right of the product.

$Multiply by 10$

2. How do you multiply by 20, 30,... 90?

To multiply a number by 20. 30.90 write a zero in the ones place. Multiply the remaining numbers.

$Multiply by 20, 30,... 90$

II. Multiplying by 100, 200, 300, ... 900

1. How do you multiply by 100?

To multiply a number by 100, write two zeroes to the right of the product.

$Multiply by 100$

2. How do you multiply by 200, 300, ... 900?

To multiply a number by 200, 300... 900, write 2 zeroes in the ones and tens. Multiply the remaining numbers.

$Multiply by 200, 300, ... 900$

● To multiply a number by a multiplier having zero and non-zero part, we put as many zeroes in the product as in the multiplier and then multiply the number by non-zero part.

For example:

1275 × 20 = 25500

1275 × 300 = 382500

1275 × 5000 = 6375000

$Rules for the Multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000.$

You can even keep the above chart for further reference.

Worksheet on Multiplication by Ten, Hundred and Thousand

1. Compare the given wheels by writing the product in the outermost circle.

(i)

$Multiplication of Whole Numbers Table$

Answers:

$Multiplication of Whole Numbers Table Answer$

(ii)

$Multiplication Table of Whole Numbers$

Answers:

$Multiplication Table of Whole Numbers Answer$

(iii)

$Whole Numbers Multiplication Table$

Answers:

$Whole Numbers Multiplication Table Answer$

(iv)

$Multiplication Table Whole Numbers$

Answers:

$Multiplication Table Whole Numbers Answer$

2. Multiply and write the product in the outermost circle.

(i)

$Multiplication by Ten Times Table$

Answer:

$Multiplication by 10 Times Table$

(ii)

$Multiplication by Hundred Times Table$

Answer:

$Multiplication by 100 Times Table$

(iii)

$Multiplication by Thousand Times Table$

Answer:

$Multiplication by 1000 Times Table$

3. Multiply the following:

(i)

Th H T O

× 1 0

_______________

(ii)

Th H T O

2 0

× 1 0

_______________

(iii)

Th H T O

9 8

× 1 0

_______________

(iv)

Th H T O

1 4 0

× 1 0

_______________

(v)

Th H T O

3 5 8

× 1 0

_______________

(vi)

Th H T O

× 1 0 0

_______________

(vii)

Th H T O

4 0

× 1 0 0

_______________

(viii)

Th H T O

3 4

× 2 0 0

_______________

(ix)

Th H T O

2 5

× 3 0 0

_______________

(x)

Th H T O

1 4

× 4 0 0

_______________

(xi)

Th H T O

× 2 0 0 0

_________________

(xii)

Th H T O

× 2 0 0 0

_________________

(xiii)

Th H T O

× 4 0 0 0

_________________

(xiv)

Th H T O

× 3 0 0 0

_________________

(xv)

Th H T O

× 1 0 0 0

_________________

4. Write the Products:

(i) 6 × 20 = _____

(ii) 3 × 30 = _____

(iii) 4 × 40 = _____

(iv) 7 × 50 = _____

(v) 20 × 300 = _____

(vi) 40 × 200 = _____

(vii) 14 × 400 = _____

(viii) 21 × 300 = _____

(ix) 2 × 2000 = _____

(x) 3 × 3000 = _____

(xi) 2 × 4000 = _____

(xii) 7 × 1000 = _____

5. Multiply the Following:

(i)

Th H T O

1 7

× 5 0

_______________

(ii)

Th H T O

4 2

× 2 0

_______________

(iii)

Th H T O

2 1

× 4 0

_______________

(iv)

Th H T O

× 6 0

_______________

(v)

Th H T O

1 1

× 3 0

_______________

(vi)

Th H T O

2 0

× 3 0

_______________

(vii)

Th H T O

9 1

× 2 0

_______________

(viii)

Th H T O

5 5

× 4 0

_______________

(ix)

Th H T O

7 1

× 5 0

_______________

(x)

Th H T O

2 6

× 8 0

_______________

(xi)

Th H T O

× 7 0 0

_______________

(xii)

Th H T O

× 8 0 0

_______________

(xiii)

Th H T O

1 0

× 5 0 0

_______________

(xiv)

Th H T O

1 7

× 4 0 0

_______________

(xv)

Th H T O

1 9

× 3 0 0

_______________

(xvi)

Th H T O

1 4

× 4 0 0

_______________

(xvii)

Th H T O

1 5

× 6 0 0

_______________

(xviii)

Th H T O

2 7

× 3 0 0

_______________

(xix)

Th H T O

2 4

× 2 0 0

_______________

(xx)

Th H T O

1 2

× 8 0 0

_______________

(xxi)

Th H T O

× 1 0 0 0

_________________

(xxii)

Th H T O

× 2 0 0 0

_________________

(xxiii)

Th H T O

× 3 0 0 0

_________________

(xxiv)

Th H T O

× 2 0 0 0

_________________

(xxv)

Th H T O

× 1 0 0 0

_________________

6. Do these Sums in your Notebook:

(i) 14 × 20 = _____

(ii) 32 × 20 = _____

(iii) 65 × 40 = _____

(iv) 33 × 50 = _____

(v) 42 × 60 = _____

(vi) 123 × 20 = _____

(vii) 436 × 20 = _____

(viii) 400 × 20 = _____

(ix) 196 × 30 = _____

(x) 152 × 50 = _____

(xi) 40 × 200 = _____

(xii) 23 × 400 = _____

(xiii) 11 × 200 = _____

(xiv) 33 × 300 = _____

(xv) 42 × 200 = _____

(xvi) 3 × 2000 = _____

(xvii) 4 × 2000 = _____

(xviii) 5 × 1000 = _____

(xix) 2 × 3000 = _____

(xx) 8 × 1000 = _____

7. Find the missing multiplicand in each of the following questions.

(i) ……………… × 40 = 36000

(ii) ……………… × 500 = 7500000

(iii) ……………… × 700 = 77000000

(iv) ……………… × 9000 = 81000

(v) ……………… × 80000 = 96000000

Answers:

7. (i) 900

(ii) 15000

(iii) 110000

(iv) 9

(v) 1200

8. Fill in the blanks.

(i) 17 × 10 = __________

(ii) 68 × __________ = 68000

(iii) 25 × 100 = __________

(iv) 100 × __________ = 22500

(v) 23 × 1000 = __________

(vi) __________ × 10 = 8900

(vii) 24 × 10 = __________

(viii) __________ × 1000 = 40000

(ix) 31 × 100 = __________

(x) __________ × 1000 = 48000

(xi) 78 × 1000 = __________

(xii) __________ × 18 = 18000

(xiii) 16 × __________ = 1600

(xiv) 100 × __________ = 68200

(xv) __________ × 42 = 420

(xvi) __________ × 115 = 11500

(xvii) 723 × __________ = 7230

(xviii) __________ × 1000 = 27000

(xix) __________ × 807 = 8070

(xx) __________ × 100 = 50900

(xxi) 1000 × __________ = 63000

(xxii) 999 × 100 = __________

Answer:

8. (i) 170

(ii) 1000

(iii) 2500

(iv) 225

(v) 23000

(vi) 890

(vii) 240

(viii) 40

(ix) 3100

(x) 48

(xi) 78000

(xii) 1000

(xiii) 100

(xiv) 682

(xv) 10

(xvi) 100

(xvii) 10

(xviii) 27

(xix) 10

(xx) 509

(xxi) 63

(xxii) 99900

9. Find the following products using the Rules for the multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000.

(i) 22,635 × 10

(ii) 2,469 × 10

(iii) 7,685 × 20

(iv) 5,770 × 40

(v) 9,205 × 50

(vi) 2,611 × 60

(vii) 7,685 × 20

(viii) 2,983 × 90

(ix) 11,654 × 60

(x) 9,635 × 100

(xi) 8,781 × 100

(xii) 1,050 × 400

(xiii) 187 × 800

(xiv) 267 × 500

(xv) 531 × 400

(xvi) 443 × 500

(xvii) 2,132 × 300

(xviii) 1,410 × 200

(xix) 317 × 2,000

(xx) 365 × 1,000

(xxi) 228 × 6,000

(xxii) 83 × 5,000

(xxiii) 192 × 600

(xxiv) 63 × 6,000

Answer:

9. (i) 226350

(ii) 24690

(iii) 153700

(iv) 230800

(v) 460250

(vi) 156660

(vii) 153700

(viii) 268470

(ix) 699240

(x) 963500

(xi) 878100

(xii) 420000

(xiii) 149600

(xiv) 133500

(xv) 212400

(xvi) 221500

(xvii) 639600

(xviii) 282000

(xix) 634000

(xx) 365000

(xxi) 1368000

(xxii) 415000

(xxiii) 115200

(xxiv) 378000

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