Word Problems on Straight Lines

Here we will solve different types of word problems on straight lines.

1.Find the equation of a straight line that has y-intercept 4 and is perpendicular to straight line joining (2, -3) and (4, 2).

Solution:

Let m be the slope of the required straight line.

Since the required straight line is perpendicular to the line joining P (2, -3) and Q (4, 2).

Therefore,

m × Slope of PQ = -1

⇒ m ×  \(\frac{2 + 3}{4 - 2}\) = -1

⇒ m ×  \(\frac{5}{2}\) = -1

⇒ m = -\(\frac{2}{5}\)

The required straight lien cut off an intercept of length 4 on y-axis.

Therefore, b = 4

Hence, the equation of the required straight line is y = -\(\frac{2}{5}\)x + 4

⇒ 2x + 5y - 20 = 0

 

2. Find the co-ordinates of, the middle point of the portion of the line 5x + y = 10 intercepted between the x and y-axes.

Solution:    

The intercept form of the given equation of the straight line is,

5x + y = 10

Now dividing both sides by 10 we get,

⇒ \(\frac{5x}{10}\)+ \(\frac{y}{10}\) = 1        

⇒ \(\frac{x}{2}\) + \(\frac{y}{10}\) = 1.

Therefore, it is evident that the given straight line intersects the x-axis at P (2, 0) and the y-axis at Q (0, 10).

Therefore, the required co-ordinates of the middle point of the portion of the given line intercepted between the co-ordinate axes = the co-ordinates of the middle point of the line-segment PQ

= (\(\frac{2 + 0}{2}\), \(\frac{0 + 10}{2}\))

= (\(\frac{2}{2}\), \(\frac{10}{2}\))

= (1, 5)

More examples on word problems on straight lines.

3. Find the area of the triangle formed by the axes of co-ordinates and the straight line 5x + 7y = 35.

Solution:  

The given straight line is 5x + 7y = 35.

The intercept form of the given straight line is,

5x + 7y = 35

⇒ \(\frac{5x}{35}\)+ \(\frac{7y}{35}\) = 1, [Dividing both sides by 35]      

⇒ \(\frac{x}{7}\) + \(\frac{y}{5}\) = 1.

Therefore, it is evident that the given straight line intersects the x-axis at P (7, 0) and the y-axis at Q (0, 5).

Thus, if o be the origin then, OP = 7 and OQ = 5

Therefore, the area of the triangle formed by the axes of co-ordinates and the given line = area of the right-angled ∆OPQ

= ½ |OP × OQ|= ½ ∙ 7 . 5 = \(\frac{35}{2}\) square units.

 

4. Prove that the points (5, 1), (1, -1) and (11, 4) are collinear. Also find the equation of the straight line on which these points lie.

Solution:

Let the given points be P (5, 1), Q (1, -1) and R (11, 4). Then the equation of the line passing through P and Q is

y - 1 = \(\frac{-1 - 1}{1 - 5}\)(x - 5)

⇒ y - 1 = \(\frac{-2}{-4}\)(x - 5)

⇒ y - 1 = \(\frac{1}{2}\)(x - 5)

⇒ 2(y - 1) = (x - 5)

⇒ 2y - 2 = x - 5

⇒ x - 2y - 3 = 0

Clearly, the point R (11, 4) satisfies the equation x - 2y - 3 = 0. Hence the given points lie on the same straight line, whose equation is x - 2y - 3 = 0.

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● The Straight Line

• Straight Line
• Slope of a Straight Line
• Slope of a Line through Two Given Points
• Collinearity of Three Points
• Equation of a Line Parallel to x-axis
• Equation of a Line Parallel to y-axis
• Slope-intercept Form
• Point-slope Form
• Straight line in Two-point Form
• Straight Line in Intercept Form
• Straight Line in Normal Form
• General Form into Slope-intercept Form
• General Form into Intercept Form
• General Form into Normal Form
  
• Point of Intersection of Two Lines
  
• Concurrency of Three Lines
• Angle between Two Straight Lines
• Condition of Parallelism of Lines
• Equation of a Line Parallel to a Line
• Condition of Perpendicularity of Two Lines
• Equation of a Line Perpendicular to a Line
• Identical Straight Lines
• Position of a Point Relative to a Line
• Distance of a Point from a Straight Line
• Equations of the Bisectors of the Angles between Two Straight Lines
• Bisector of the Angle which Contains the Origin
• Straight Line Formulae
• Problems on Straight Lines
• Word Problems on Straight Lines
• Problems on Slope and Intercept

11 and 12 Grade Math 

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