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Circle Touches x-axis

We will learn how to find the equation of a circle touches x-axis.

The equation of a circle with centre at (h, k) and radius equal to a, is (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = a2.

When the circle touches x-axis i.e., k = a.

Then the equation (x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = a2 becomes  (x- h)2 + (y - a)2 = a2

If a circle touches the x-axis, then the y-co-ordinate of the centre will be equal to the radius of the circle. Hence, the equation of the circle will be of the form

(x - h)2 + (y - a)2 = a2

Let C (h, k) be the centre of the circle. Since the circle touches the x-axis, therefore, a = k

Hence the equation of the circle is (x - h)2 + (y - a)2 = a2 ⇒ x2 + y2 - 2hx - 2ay + h2 = 0

 

Solved examples on the central form of the equation of a circle touches x-axis:

1. Find the equation of a circle whose x-coordinate of the centre is 5 and radius is 4 units also touches the x-axis.

Solution:

The required equation of the circle whose x-coordinate of the centre is 5 and radius is 4 units also touches the x-axis is (x - 5)2 + (y - 4)2 = 42, [Since radius is equal to the y-coordinate of the centre]

⇒ x2 – 10x + 25 + y2 – 8y + 16 = 16

⇒ x2 + y2 - 10x - 8y + 25 = 0


2. Find the equation of a circle whose radius is 7 units and x-coordinate of the centre is -2 and also touches the x-axis.

Solution:

The required equation of the circle whose radius is 7 units and x-coordinate of the centre is -2 and also touches the x-axis is (x + 2)2 + (y - 7)2 = 72, [Since radius is equal to the y-coordinate of the centre]

⇒ x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 – 14y + 49 = 49

⇒ x2 + y2 + 4x - 14y + 4 = 0

● The Circle




11 and 12 Grade Math 

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