Percentage

A fraction with denominator 100 is called percentage and is denoted by the symbol %.

In our daily life, we see a lot of statements with numbers followed by a symbol %. A number followed by % is called a percentage or percent. The term percent comes from the Latin phrase per centum, meaning by the hundred. Percentage is another way of expressing a part of a whole.

One hundred percent of a quantity is $\frac{100}{100}$ of it, for example if 40 students are enrolled in a class and all 40 are present on a particular day, then 100% of the class is present.

The word percent means per hundred or for every hundred. Thus, Clara got 83 marks out of 100 means; she got 83 percent marks.

Conversely, when a student scored 67 percent marks that means; the student scored 67 marks out of 100.

The symbol of percent is %.

Thus, 15 percent will be written as 15%

7/100 means 7%.

Conversely, 9% means 9/100.

On the status bar of our computer 100% indicates that the battery is fully charged. Let us illustrate this by assuming that a battery is made up of 100 small cells and each cell of the battery is represented by an equal part on a square sheet. The shaded region in the following figures shows the percentage of charge in a battery.

$100 %$

$20%$

$70%$

So, we can say that percentage represents parts her hundred. Percentage is a fraction with 100 as its denominator.

Thus, 7% means 7 out of 100 = $\frac{7}{100}$

85% means 85 out of 100 = $\frac{85}{100}$

For example:

(i) 20/100 = 20%

[It is read as 20 percent]

(ii) 15/100 = 15%

[It is read as 15 percent]

(iii) 5/100 = 5%

[It is read as 5 percent]

(iv) 71/100 = 71%

[It is read as 71 percent]

(v) 89/100 = 89%

[It is read as 89 percent]

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