Multiplication using Number Lines

Let us multiply 1-digit number using a number line.

1. Let us multiply 2 by 5 using a number line.

Multiply 2 by 5 using a Number Line

Take 5 jumps of 2 steps each. Where do we reach?

Start from 0. Take 5 jumps of 2 steps each. We reach 10.

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10

or, 5 × 2 = 10

Now, take 2 jumps of 5 steps each. Where do we reach?

Multiply 5 by 2 using a Number Line

Start from 0. Take 2 jumps of 5 steps each. We again reach 10.

5 + 5 = 10

or, 2 × 5 = 10

The answer in multiplication is called the product.

So, 10 is the product of 2 and 5.


(b) Let us now multiply 2 and 10 on a number line.

Multiply 2 and 10 on a Number Line

Start from 0. Take 10 jumps of 2 steps each. You reach 20.

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 20

or, 10 × 2 = 20

Multiply 10 by 2 Using a Number Line

Start from 0. Take 2 jumps of 10 steps each. You again reach 20.

10 + 10 = 20

or, 2 × 10 = 20

10 × 2 = 20 and 2 × 10 = 20

or, 10 × 2 = 2 × 10 = 20

So, 20 is the product of 2 and 10.


Changing the order of numbers being multiplied does not change the product. This means that the product remains the same even if the order of the numbers is changed.

More Example:

(i) If 2 × 10 = 20, then 10 × 2 = 20

(ii) If 5 × 2 = 10, then 2 × 5 = 10

(iii) If 2 × 4 = 8, then 4 × 2 = 8

(iv) If 3 × 10 = 30, then 10 × 3 = 30

(v) If 5 × 3 = 15, then 3 × 5 = 15

(vi) If 3 × 4 = 12, then 4 × 3 = 12


1. Multiplication using Number Lines.

(i)

Multiplication using Number Lines

2 × 4 = __________


(ii)

Multiplication using Number Lines

4 × 2 = __________


2. Multiply on the number line. One has been done for you.

(i) 

Multiply 4 by 5 on a Number Line

× 5 = 20


(ii)

Number Line from 0 to 20

3 × 2 = _____


(iii)

Number Line from 0 to 20

7 × 1 = _____


(iv)

Number Line from 0 to 20

5 × 3 = _____

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