Subtracting 1-Digit Number

In subtracting 1-digit number we will subtract or minus one-digit number from one-digit number or one-digit number from 2-digit number and find the difference between them.

We know that subtraction means to take  away a set of objects from a collection. 

We use – sign to take away

9 - 6 = 3

We say that difference between 9 and 6 is 3.

● Mary had 3 bananas. 

She gave 1 banana to James.

Now she 2 bananas.

When we take away objects from a collection, we are subtracting.

We have  :   1 taken away from 3 is 2.

We write  :   3 - 1 = 2

We say    :   3 minus 1 is 2.

- is the sign for taking away or subtraction. We read - as minus.

When we subtract 0 from a number, the number remains the same.

When we subtract the number from itself we get 0.

If from six things we take away 2 things, then four things are left. In arithmetic this is written in a short way as follows:

6 – 2 = 4

The symbol – is called the minus sign and shows that the number written after it is to be subtracted, or taken away, from the number written before it.

We may read 6 – 2 = 4 as ‘six minus two is equal to four’ or ‘six less two is four’.

We have learnt that we can subtract numbers by counting backward. 

8 - 3 = ?

Counting backward from 8, take jumps backward. You reach 5.

How to subtract two one-digit numbers?

1. Here we will find 2 – 1.

Follow the steps along with the picture:

(i) 2 – 1 means start with 2 and take away 1.

(ii) From 2 strokes we take away 1 stroke and cancel the strokes.

(iii) So, 1 stroke is left.

(iv) Therefore, 2 – 1 = 1

We may read 2 – 1 = 1 as ‘two minus one is equal to one’ or ‘two less one is one’.

2. Here we will find 5 – 3.

Follow the steps of subtracting 1-digit number along with the picture:

(i) 5 – 3 means start with 5 and take away 3.

(ii) From 5 strokes we take away 3 strokes and cancel the strokes.

(iii) So, 2 strokes are left.

(iv) Therefore, 5 – 3 = 2

We may read 5 – 3 = 2 as ‘five minus three is equal to two’ or ‘five less three is two’.

3. Here we will find 7 – 2.

Follow the steps along with the picture:

(i) 7 – 2 means start with 7 and take away 2.

(ii) From 7 strokes we take away 2 strokes and cancel the strokes.

(iii) So, 5 strokes are left.

(iv) Therefore, 7 – 2 = 5

We may read 7 – 2 = 5 as ‘seven minus two is equal to five’ or ‘seven less two is five’.

4. Here we will find 9 – 5.

Follow the steps of subtracting 1-digit number along with the picture:

(i) 9 – 5 means start with 9 and take away 5.

(ii) From 9 strokes we take away 5 strokes and cancel the strokes.

(iii) So, 4 strokes are left.

(iv) Therefore, 9 – 5 = 4

We may read 9 – 5 = 4 as ‘nine minus five is equal to four’ or ‘nine less five is four’.

5. Here we will find 8 – 8.

Follow the steps of the subtraction of 1-digit number along with the picture:

(i) 8 – 8 means start with 8 and take away 8.

(ii) From 8 strokes we take away 8 strokes and cancel the strokes.

(iii) So, 0 strokes are left.

(iv) Therefore, 8 – 8 = 0

We may read 8 – 8 = 0 as ‘eight minus eight is equal to zero’ or ‘eight less eight is zero’.

SUBTRACTION PROPERTIES

Let us learn the properties of subtraction.

Subtraction of 0

What do you get when you subtract 0 from a number?

When 0 is subtracted from a number, the difference is the number itself.

Try This!

Fill in the boxes.

6 - 0 = _____

5 - 0 = _____ 

 _____ - 0 = 7

9 - _____ = 9

Subtraction of 1

What do you get when you subtract 1 from a number?

When 1 is subtracted from a number, the difference is the previous number.

Try This!

1. Fill in the boxes.

5 - 1 = _____ 

8 - 1 = _____

_____ - 1 = 7

9 - _____ = 8

How many left?

2. (i) Ashley had 3 lollipops.

She ate 2 lollipops.

How many left?

(ii) There were 4 parrots.

1 parrot flew away.

How many left?

(iii) There were 5 balloons.

3 balloons were burst.

How many left?

(iv) There were 6 bananas.

We ate 3 bananas.

How many left?

Questions and Answers on Subtracting 1-Digit Number:

1. Cross out 6 objects and find the difference.

Answer:

1. (i) 6

(ii) 9

2. (i) Take away 0 from 9. How many left? _____

(ii)  Take away 6 from 6. How many left? _____

Answer:

2. (i) 9

(ii) 0

3. Subtract and find the difference.

(i) 18 - 7 = _____

(ii) 14 - 3 = _____

(iii) 18 - 8 = _____

(iv) 16 - 4 = _____

(v) 19 - 9 = _____

(vi) 15 - 2 = _____

Answer:

3. (i) 11

(ii) 11

(iii) 10

(iv) 12

(v) 10

(vi) 13

4. Find the difference.

(i) 27 - 5 = _____

(ii) 88 - 6 = _____

(iii) 67 - 2 = _____

(iv) 48 - 8 = _____

(v) 39 - 3 = _____

(vi) 55 - 5 = _____

(vii) 49 - 1 = _____

(viii) 19 - 5 = _____

Answer:

4. (i) 22

(ii) 82

(iii) 65

(iv) 40

(v) 36

(vi) 50

(vii) 48

(viii) 14

5. Subtract the following:

Answer:

5. (i) 6

(ii) 12

(iii) 42

(iv) 15

6. Fill in the blanks:

(i) George has 8 marbles. He gives away 3 marbles. Now he has ……… marbles.

(ii) 9 birds are sitting on a tree branch. 2 of them fly away. ……… of them are still on the branch.

(iii) There were 6 eggs in a tray. 2 are taken away. Now there are ……… eggs.

(iv) Ana has 4 chocolates. She gives away 1 chocolate. Now she has ……… chocolates.

Answer:

6. (i) 5

(ii) 7

(iii) 4

(iv) 3

7. Find the difference.

(i) 8 - 0 = 8

(ii) 6 - 0 = _____

(iii) 9 - 0 = _____

(iv) 4 - 0 = _____

(v) 5 - 0 = _____

(vi) 7 - 0 = _____

Answer:

7. (ii) 6

(iii) 9

(iv) 4

(v) 5

(vi) 7

8. Find the difference.

(i) 4 - 1 = 3

(ii) 8 - 1 = _____

(iii) 7 - 1 = _____

(iv) 3 - 1 = _____

(v) 5 - 1 = _____

(vi) 2 - 1 = _____

(vii) 6 - 1 = _____

(viii) 9 - 1 = _____

Answer:

8. (ii) 7

(iii) 6

(iv) 2

(v) 4

(vi) 1

(vii) 5

(viii) 8

9. Subtract on Abacus. One has been done for you.

Answer:

9. (ii) 45

(iii) 42

10. Fill in the boxes. One has been done for you.

11. Word Problems on Subtracting 1-Digit Number:

(i) What is left when 1 is subtracted from 5? 3 from 8? 5 from 9?

(ii) What must be added to 3 to make 5? to 2 to make 9? to 4 to make 8?

(iii) George has 7 cows; Jason has 5 cows. How many more cows has George than Jason?

(iv) By how much is 3 less than 6?

(v) Nine minus two is equal to seven'. Write that in a short way, using figures and signs only.

(vi) A jug can hold 8 litres of milk. There are now 5 litres in it. How many more litres are needed to fill the jug?

(vii) A boy worked 6 sums. If 2 of them were wrong how many did he get right?

(viii) Brandon is 9 years old and Alexander 4 years old. By how many years is Brandon older than Alexander?

(ix) I went to the bazaar with 7 rupees. After buying meat and vegetables I had 3 rupees left. How many rupees did I spend?

Answer:

11. (i) 4; 5; 4

(ii) 2; 7; 4

(iii) 2

(iv) 3

(v) 9 - 2 = 7 

(vi) 3 litres

(vii) 4

(viii) 5 years

(ix) ₹ 4

12. There are 45 students in a class. 7 students were absent on Friday. How many students were present in the class on Friday?

Answer:

12. 38

First Grade Math Activities

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