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Quadrilateral

What is quadrilateral?

A simple closed figure formed by joining four line segments is called a quadrilateral.
It has 4 sides, 4 angles, 4 vertices and two diagonals.

In a quadrilateral if A, B, C, D are four points in a plane such that no three of them are collinear and the line segments AB, BC, CD and DA do not intersect except at their end points. 

Then, the figure formed by these four line segments is called the quadrilateral ABCD.

What is Quadrilateral?

In a quadrilateral ABCD ..

(i) the four points A, B, C, D are called its vertices,

(ii) the four line segments AB, BC, CD and DA are called its sides,

(iii) ∠DAB, ∠ABC, ∠BCD and ∠CDA are called its angles, to be denoted by ∠A, ∠B, ∠C and ∠D respectively, and

(iv) the line segments AC and BD are called its diagonals.


Convex Quadrilaterals and Concave Quadrilaterals:

If each angle of the quadrilateral is less than 180°, it is called a convex quadrilateral.

Convex Quadrilaterals

If at least one angle of the quadrilateral is more than 180°, it is called a concave quadrilateral.

Concave Quadrilateral

Note:

This figure is not a quadrilateral because it is not a simple closed figure.


Not a Quadrilateral


Sides, Angles, Vertices, Diagonals of the Quadrilateral:

Diagonals of the Quadrilateral

Adjacent Sides of a Quadrilateral

Two sides of a quadrilateral which have a common end point are called its adjacent sides.

In the given figure, (AB, BC), (BC, CD), (CD, DA) and (DA, AB) are four pairs of adjacent sides of quadrilateral ABCD. 


Opposite Sides of a Quadrilateral

Two sides of a quadrilateral are called its opposite sides if they do not have a common end point.

In the given figure, (AB, DC) and (AD, BC) are two pairs of opposite sides of quadrilateral ABCD. 


Adjacent Angles of a Quadrilateral

Two angles of a quadrilateral having a common arm are called its adjacent angles.

In the given figure, (∠A, ∠B), (∠B, ∠C), (∠C, ∠D) and (∠D, ∠A) are four pairs of adjacent angles of quadrilateral ABCD.

Opposite Angles of a Quadrilateral

Two angles of a quadrilateral which are not adjacent angles are known as opposite angles.

In the given figure, (∠A, ∠C) and (∠B, ∠D) are two pairs of opposite angles of quadrilateral ABCD.

Adjacent Vertices of a Quadrilateral:

Two vertices which have a common side are called adjacent vertices.

In the given figure, the pairs of adjacent vertices are (A, B); (B, C); (C, D) and (D, A).


Opposite Vertices of a Quadrilateral:

Two vertices which do not have a common side are called opposite vertices.

In the given figure, the pairs of opposite vertices are (A, C) and (B, D).


Diagonal of a Quadrilateral:

The line segment joining the opposite vertices of quadrilateral is the diagonal of the quadrilateral.

In the given figure, the two diagonals are AC and BD.

 Related Concepts on Quadrilateral

What is Quadrilateral?

Different Types of Quadrilaterals

Construction of Quadrilaterals

Construct Different Types of Quadrilaterals


Quadrilateral - Worksheets

Quadrilateral Worksheet

Worksheet on Construction on Quadrilateral

Worksheet on Different Types of Quadrilaterals


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