Subscribe to our YouTube channel for the latest videos, updates, and tips.


Terms Related to Statistics

The various terms related to statistics are discussed using examples.


Data:

The collection of information in the form of numerical figures, regarding different aspects of life is called data. The data can be about population, birth, death, temperature of place during a week, marks scored in the class, runs scored in different matches, etc. We need to analyze this data.

For Example:

The following table gives the data regarding the number of students opting for different activities.

Activities Dance Music Art Sports
No. of students 15 25 10 40


Raw data:

When some information is collected randomly and presented, it is called a raw data.

For Example:

Given below are the marks (out of 25) obtained by 20 students of class VII A in mathematics in a test.

18, 16, 12, 10, 5, 5, 4, 19, 20, 10, 12, 12, 15, 15, 15, 8, 8, 8, 8, 16


Observation:

Each entry collected as a numerical fact in the given data is called an observation.


Array:

The raw data when put in ascending or descending order of magnitude is called an array or arrayed data.

For Example:

The above data is arranged in ascending order and represented as:

4, 5, 5, 8, 8, 8, 8, 10, 10, 12, 12, 12, 15, 15, 15, 16, 16, 18, 19, 20


Range:

The difference between the highest and the lowest value of the observation is called the range of the data.

In the above data,

Highest marks obtained = 20

Lowest marks obtained = 4

Therefore, range = 20 - 4 = 16

Mean:

It is calculated by dividing the sum of all the observation by the total number of observations. If x, x1, x3, ……… xn are n observations then

Arithmetic mean = (x1 + x2 + xn, ……………. xn)/n = (∑xi)/n

[∑ is the Greek letter sigma and is used to denote summation]

For Example:

The heights of 10 girls were measured in cm and results are as follows:

142, 149, 136, 148, 129, 140, 148, 145, 150, 133

(i) What is the height of the tallest girl?

Solution:

The height of the tallest girl is 150 cm.


(ii) What is the height of the shortest girl?

Solution:

The height of the shortest girl is 129 cm


(iii) What is the range of the data?

Solution:

Range = 150 cm – 129 cm = 21 cm


(iv) Find the mean height.

Solution:

The mean height = (142 + 149 + 136 + 148 + 129 + 140 + 148 + 145 + 150 + 133)/10

= 1420/10 = 142 cm


(v) How many girls are there whose height is less than the mean height?

Solution:

There are 4 girls whose height is less than the mean height, i.e., the girl having heights 136 cm, 129 cm, 133 cm, 140 cm.

The terms related to statistics are data, raw data, array, range, mean are explained above using examples.

Statistics



From Terms Related to Statistics to HOME PAGE




Didn't find what you were looking for? Or want to know more information about Math Only Math. Use this Google Search to find what you need.



New! Comments

Have your say about what you just read! Leave me a comment in the box below. Ask a Question or Answer a Question.




Share this page: What’s this?

Recent Articles

  1. 8 Times Table | Multiplication Table of 8 | Read Eight Times Table

    May 18, 25 04:33 PM

    Printable eight times table
    In 8 times table we will memorize the multiplication table. Printable multiplication table is also available for the homeschoolers. 8 × 0 = 0 8 × 1 = 8 8 × 2 = 16 8 × 3 = 24 8 × 4 = 32 8 × 5 = 40

    Read More

  2. Worksheet on Average | Word Problem on Average | Questions on Average

    May 17, 25 05:37 PM

    In worksheet on average interest we will solve 10 different types of question. Find the average of first 10 prime numbers. The average height of a family of five is 150 cm. If the heights of 4 family

    Read More

  3. How to Find the Average in Math? | What Does Average Mean? |Definition

    May 17, 25 04:04 PM

    Average 2
    Average means a number which is between the largest and the smallest number. Average can be calculated only for similar quantities and not for dissimilar quantities.

    Read More

  4. Problems Based on Average | Word Problems |Calculating Arithmetic Mean

    May 17, 25 03:47 PM

    Here we will learn to solve the three important types of word problems based on average. The questions are mainly based on average or mean, weighted average and average speed.

    Read More

  5. Rounding Decimals | How to Round a Decimal? | Rounding off Decimal

    May 16, 25 11:13 AM

    Round off to Nearest One
    Rounding decimals are frequently used in our daily life mainly for calculating the cost of the items. In mathematics rounding off decimal is a technique used to estimate or to find the approximate

    Read More