Multiplication is Repeated Addition

We know multiplication is repeated addition. Let us have a quick recall of what we have learnt about multiplication.

There are 5 groups of 2 balloons. We can say 5 times 2.

$5 Groups of 2 Balloons$

We can skip count to get the total when there are equal groups of objects.

Skip count 5 times 2, we will get 10.

$Skip Count 5 Times 2$

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10

We write 5 times 2 = 10

Repeated addition means Multiplication. We use ‘×’ symbol to show multiplication. The result of two or more numbers when multiplied is called the product.

5 × 2 = 10

Let us take another example. There are 2 groups with 4 leaves in each. We can say 2 groups of 4 or 2 times 4. We can skip count 2 times 4 to get the total.

$Skip Count 2 Times 4$

4 + 4 = 8

We write, 2 × 4 = 8

Consider the following:

I. Andrea made sandwiches for 12 people. When they shared it equally, each of them got ½ a sandwich. How many sandwiches did Andrea make?

$Multiplication is Repeated Addition$

Repeated Addition:

We know each people will get ½ a sandwich.

$Multiplication is Repeated Addition$

Multiplication:

½ × 12

= $\frac{12}{2}$

= 6

Therefore, Andrea made 6 sandwiches and shared with 12 people each of them got ½ a sandwich.

II. Doreen then poured out a few bottles of fresh orange juice equally among the 8 people. Each of them got $\frac{3}{4}$ of a glass. How many bottles of fresh orange juice did Andrea use?

Repeated addition:

$Multiplication is Repeated Addition$

Multiplication:

¾× 8

= $\frac{24}{4}$

= 6

Doreen used 6 bottles of fresh orange juice.

So, would you like to still continue adding or would you rather multiply.

III.

$Repeated Addition$

In the above example 4 is repeated 5 times. Adding the same number is called repeated addition.

Since from the above examples, we can understand clearly that multiplication is faster than repeated addition.

Multiplication is Adding Equal Groups.

1. If Sara has 3 cats how can she count quickly the numbers of legs 3 cats have in all?

$Adding Equal Groups$

3 groups of 4 legs; 3 times 4 = 12

2. If a teacher has 5 books and there are 3 teachers, how many books do they have in all?

$Result of Multiplication is called Product$

3 times 5 = 15 ; 3 × 5 = 15

The sign ‘×’ is used to show multiplication. The result of multiplication is called product.

Questions and Answers on Multiplication is Repeated Addition:

1. Count the objects in each group and fill in the boxes. One has been done for you.

(i)	$4 Groups of 3 Apples$	4 groups of 3 = 4 × 3
(ii)	$4 Groups of 1 Bottle$	__ groups of __ = __ × __
(iii)	$4 Groups of 2 Pencils$	__ groups of __ = __ × __
(iv)	$3 Groups of 4 Candies$	__ groups of __ = __ × __
(v)	$2 Groups of 5 Leaves$	__ groups of __ = __ × __

Answer:

1. (ii) 4 × 1

(iii) 4 × 2

(iv) 3 × 4

(v) 2 × 5

2. Write the addition and multiplication facts. One has been done for you.

(i) 3 times 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 = 3 × 4

(ii) 5 times 2 = ___________ = __________

(iii) 7 times 3 = ___________ = __________

(iv) 4 times 1 = ___________ = __________

(v) 2 times 5 = ___________ = __________

(vi) 3 times 3 = ___________ = __________

(vii) 6 times 4 = ___________ = __________

Answer:

2. (ii) 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 5 × 2

(iii) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 7 × 3

(iv) 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 × 1

(v) 5 + 5 = 2 × 5

(vi) 3 + 3 + 3 = 3 × 3

(vii) 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 6 × 4

3. Write the multiplication facts. One has been done for you.

(i) 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 4 × 5

(ii) 3 + 3 = _____ × _____

(iii) 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = _____ × _____

(iv) 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = _____ × _____

(v) 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = _____ × _____

(vi) 1 + 1 + 1 = _____ × _____

(vii) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = _____ × _____

Answer:

3. (ii) 2 × 3

(iii) 6 × 5

(iv) 5 × 4

(v) 6 × 2

(vi) 4 × 1

(vii) 8 × 3

4. Fill in to show that multiplication is repeated addition-

(i) 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = __________

6 × 5 = __________

(ii) 9 + 9 = __________

2 x 9 = __________

(iii) 10 + 10 + 10 = __________

3 × 10 = __________

(iv) 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = __________

5 × 2 = __________

(v) 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = __________

4 x 4 = __________

(vi) 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = __________

5 × 6 = __________

(vii) 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = __________

6 × 3 = __________

(viii) 7 + 7 + 7 = __________

3 × 7 = __________

(i)	$4 Twos are 8$	2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = _____ 4 twos are _____
(ii)	$4 Fours are 16$	4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = _____ 4 fours are _____
(iii)	$3 Threes are 9$	3 + 3 + 3 = _____ 3 threes are _____
(iv)	$2 Fives are 10$	5 + 5 2 fives are _____

You might like these

Multiplication by Ten, Hundred and Thousand |Multiply by 10, 100 &1000
To multiply a number by 10, 100, or 1000 we need to count the number of zeroes in the multiplier and write the same number of zeroes to the right of the multiplicand. Rules for the multiplication by 10, 100 and 1000: If we multiply a whole number by a 10, then we write one
Unitary Method | Learn the Basics of Unitary Method | Unitary Formula
In unitary method we will learn how to find the value of a unit from the value of a multiple and the value of a multiple from the value of a unit. When we go to the market to buy any article, we ask the shopkeeper to tell the price of the article. This is called unit price.
Properties of Division | Division of Property Overview|Math Properties
The properties of division are discussed here: 1. If we divide a number by 1 the quotient is the number itself. In other words, when any number is divided by 1, we always get the number itself as the quotient. For example: (i) 7542 ÷ 1 = 7542 (ii) 372 ÷ 1 = 372
Divisible by 2 | Test of Divisibility by 2 |Rules of Divisibility by 2
A number is divisible by 2 if the digit at unit place is either 0 or multiple of 2. So a number is divisible by 2 if digit at its units place is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.
Properties of Multiplication | Multiplicative Identity | Whole Numbers
There are six properties of multiplication of whole numbers that will help to solve the problems easily. The six properties of multiplication are Closure Property, Commutative Property, Zero Property, Identity Property, Associativity Property and Distributive Property.
Worksheet on Word Problems on Multiplication of Whole Numbers |Answers
In worksheet on Word Problems on Multiplication of Whole Numbers students can practice the questions on Multiplication of large numbers. If a Garment House manufactures 1780500 shirts in a day. How many shirts were manufactured in the month of October?
Worksheet on Operations On Whole Numbers | Four Basic Operations
In worksheet on operations on whole numbers students can practice the questions on four basic operations with whole numbers. We have already learnt the four operations and now we will use the procedure for doing the basic operations on large numbers up to five-digits.
Worksheet on Subtraction of Whole Numbers | Subtracting Whole Numbers
Practice the set of questions given in the worksheet on subtraction of whole numbers. The questions are based on subtracting numbers by arranging the numbers in columns and check the answer, subtraction one large number by another large number and find the missing
5th Grade Numbers Worksheets | Place Value | Standard Form | Rounding
In 5th Grade Numbers Worksheets we will solve how to read and write large numbers, use of place value chart to write a number in expanded form, compare with another number and arrange numbers in ascending and descending order. The greatest possible number formed using each
5th Grade Worksheet on Whole Numbers | 5th Grade Math Worksheets | Ans
In 5th Grade Worksheet on Whole Numbers contains various types of questions on operations on Large Numbers. The questions are based on Compare actual and the estimated numbers, mixed problems on addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of whole numbers, round off
Estimation in Operations on Numbers | Round off the given Numbers
To estimate sum and difference, we first round off each number to the nearest tens, hundreds, thousands or millions and then apply the required mathematical operation. To find the estimated product or quotient, we round off numbers to the greatest place-value.
Division of Whole Numbers |Relation between Dividend, Divisor Quotient
Relation between Dividend, Divisor, Quotient and Remainder is. Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder. To understand the relation between dividend, divisor, quotient and remainder let us follow the following examples:
Word Problems on Multiplication and Division of Whole Numbers |Example
We will learn how to solve step-by-step the word problems on multiplication and division of whole numbers. We know, we need to do multiplication and division in our daily life. Let us solve some word problem examples.
Multiplication of Whole Numbers | Whole Numbers|Multiplication|Numbers
Multiplication of whole numbers is the sort way to do repeated addition. The number by which any number is multiplied is known as the multiplicand. The result of the multiplication is known as the product. Note: Multiplication can also be referred as product.
Subtraction of Whole Numbers | Whole Number |Subtract One Large Number
Subtraction of whole numbers is discussed in the following two steps to subtract one large number from another large number: Step I: We arrange the given numbers in columns, ones under ones, tens under tens, hundred under hundreds and so on.