We know multiplication is repeated addition. Let us have a quick recall of what we have learnt about multiplication.

Consider the following:

I. Andrea made sandwiches for 12 people. When they shared it equally, each of them got ½ a sandwich. How many sandwiches did Andrea make?

We know each people will get ½ a sandwich.

Multiplication:

½ × 12

= $$\frac{12}{2}$$

= 6

Therefore, Andrea made 6 sandwiches and shared with 12 people each of them got ½ a sandwich.

II. Doreen then poured out a few bottles of fresh orange juice equally among the 8 people. Each of them got $$\frac{3}{4}$$ of a glass. How many bottles of fresh orange juice did Andrea use?

Multiplication:

¾× 8

= $$\frac{24}{4}$$

= 6

Doreen used 6 bottles of fresh orange juice.

So, would you like to still continue adding or would you rather multiply.

III.

In the above example 4 is repeated 5 times. Adding the same number is called repeated addition.

Since from the above examples, we can understand clearly that multiplication is faster than repeated addition.

1. If Sara has 3 cats how can she count quickly the numbers of legs 3 cats have in all?

3 groups of 4 legs; 3 times 4 = 12

2. If a teacher has 5 books and there are 3 teachers, how many books do they have in all?

3 times 5 = 15 ; 3 × 5 = 15

The sign ‘×’ is used to show multiplication. The result of multiplication is called product.

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