Geometrical Shapes

In 2nd grade geometrical shapes for kids we will discuss about different kinds of shapes. Some basic geometry shapes are shown so, that kid’s can recognize the shapes and practice the different geometrical worksheet on shapes.

We see a variety of shapes in objects. Objects mostly have one or more geometrical shapes like the following.

$geometrical shapes for kids,geometrical shapes$

These types of shapes are called three dimensional (3-D) shaped solids. All these geometrical shapes have faces. We have learned about faces like triangular faces, rectangular face, square face and circular face. All these faces are flat but some are curved. The cylinder, sphere, cone etc. have curved faces.

● Cuboid:

The faces of a cuboid are either rectangular or square. Thus, a cuboid has all 6 faces flat.

Edges and Corners of Cuboid:

$Edges and Corners of Cuboid$

$geometrical shapes$

This is a cuboid.
A cuboid has 6 rectangular faces.
It has 12 edges.
It has 8 corners.

● Cube:

All the faces of a cube are flat. So a cube has flat faces.

Edges and Corners of Cube:

$Edges and Corners of Cube$

$shapes$

This is a cube.
A cuboid has 6 square faces.
It has 12 edges.
It has 8 corners.

● Sphere:

A sphere has one face and this face is curved. Thus, a sphere has a curved faces.

Surface of Sphere:

$Surface of Sphere$

$solid circle$

This is a sphere.
It has no flat faces.
It has only a curved face.
It has no corners.

● Cylinder:

A cylinder has three faces. If a cylinder stands erect, its bottom face and top face are like circles. The bottom and top faces of a cylinder are flat. The third face is a curved face.

Surface of Cylinder:

$Surface of Cylinder$

$faces of a cylinder$ A cylinder has three faces.

This is a cylinder.
A cylinder has 2 flat faces.
It has 1 curved face.
It has no corners and no edges.

● Cone:

A cone has two faces. One is curved and the other is circular and flat.

Surface and Corner of Cone:

$Surface and Corner of Cone$

$image of cone$

This is a cone.
A cone has 1 flat face and 1 curved face.
It has 1 corner.

● Prism

A prism has five faces. Three faces are rectangular and two faces are triangular. All the five faces are flat.

$coloring prism$

Notes:

Children should themselves find out from the surroundings different objects having different geometrical shapes.

We see many objects in our surroundings. These objects in our surroundings have the shape of any one or combination of many of the solids which are given below.

A Tomato Looks Like a Sphere.

$A Tomato Looks Like a Sphere$

A Dice Looks Like a Cube.

$A Dice Looks Like a Cube$

A Can Looks Like a Cylinder.

$A Can Looks Like a Cylinder$

A Book Looks Like a Cuboid.

$A Book Looks Like a Cuboid$

A Carrot Looks Like a Cone.

$A Carrot Looks Like a Cone$

A Mug Looks Like a Cylinder.

$A Mug Looks Like a Cylinder$

Plane and Curved Surfaces:

We know that some solids have flat surfaces and others have curved surfaces. Surface is the portion of a solid object that we can feel when we touch them. A foot ball has a curved surface.

The book has plane or flat surface.

Solids with curved surfaces can roll or slide.

Solids with flat surfaces do not roll.

In geometry we term the faces of any object as surfaces. We can touch and see the surface of an object.

There are two kinds of surfaces.

(i) Flat or plane surface

(ii) Curved surface

(i) Flat or plane surface:

Objects having the shape of a cuboid, cube or prism have plane surfaces. The surface of paper, top of a table or box etc. are plane surfaces.

$Flat or Plane Surface$	$Flat or Plane Surface$
A book has a flat surface.	A eraser has a flat surface.

(ii) Curved surface:

Objects having the shapes of sphere or unplained surface of a cylinder have curved surfaces. The surface of a football, cricket ball, round bottle, orange, grapes, mango etc. are curved surfaces.

$Curved Surface$	$Curved Surface$
Log has a curved surface.	Football has a curved surface.

Spatial - relationship:

If an object is in its standard position, it has its top, bottom and sides as indicated in the following:

$Spatial relationship$

The uppermost portion of an object is called its top.

The lowermost portion of an object is called its bottom.

We may place any article on the top but now below the bottom of an object.

We can put something inside a vessel, box, almirah, etc. In a bucket we can store water or some other liquid. Inside a box we place our clothes. On a tray we can have fruits or vegetables.

Thus, in any vessel, box, almirah, refrigerator etc. there is empty place inside, where we can put some objects. There may be other articles inside.

Questions and Answers on Geometrical Shapes:

1. Write F for the objects which has flat surface and C for curved surface.

$Flat and Curved Surface$

Answer:

(i) C

(ii) F

(iii) C

(iv) F

(v) C

(vi) C

(vii) F

(viii) C

2. Complete the table.

$Basic Geometrical Shapes$

Answer:

2. Cube:

Number of Corners - 8

Number of Edges - 12

Number of Faces: 6

Cuboid:

Number of Corners - 8

Number of Edges - 12

Number of Faces: 6

Cylinder:

Number of Corners - 0

Number of Edges - 0

Number of Faces: 3

Cone:

Number of Corners - 1

Number of Edges - 0

Number of Faces: 2

● Geometry

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