# Metric Measures

We will discuss here about the metric measures of length, mass and capacity.

Measurements of length, mass and capacity:

We know about the different units for measuring length, mass and capacity. We also know about the relationship between the units.

Let us revise them.

Length is measured in kilometre, metre and centimetre.

Mass is measured in kilogram and gram.

Capacity is measured in litre and millilitre.

You know that

1 metre = 100 centimetres

1 kilometre = 1000 metres

1 kilogram = 1000 grams

1 litre = 1000 millilitres

The basic unit of length is metre, the basic unit of mass is kilogram and the basic unit of capacity is litre. This system of measurement of length, mass and capacity is known as Metric system.

In metric system, we represent thousands by kilo, hundreds by hector, tens by deca, tenths by deci, hundredths by centi and thousandths by milli. This system is decimal since each unit is 10 times the next smaller unit.

As we know, the standard units of length, weight and capacity are metre (m), gram (g) and litre (l) respectively. Kilometre (km) kilogram (kg) and kilolitre (kl) are the bigger units of length, weight and capacity respectively. The three-basic unit systems of measurement of length, mass and capacity is known as metric system.

This is decimal system based on the multiples of 10.

Measures of Length

 10 millimetres (mm)  10 centimetres 10 decimetres 10 metres 10 decametres 10 hectometres ====== 1 centimetre (cm) 1 decimetre (dm)1 metre (m)1 decametre (dam) 1 hectometre (hm)1 kilometre (km)

Measures of Weight

 10 milligrams (mg) 10 centigrams 10 decigrams 10 grams 10 decagrams10 hectograms ====== 1 centigram (cg)1 decigram (dg)1 gram (g)1 decagram (dag) 1 hectogram (hg)1 kilogram (kg)

Note:

100 kg = 1 quintal

10 quintals = 1 tonne

1000 kg = 1 tonne

Measures of Capacity

 10 millilitres (ml)10 centilitres10 decilitres 10 litres10 decalitres 10 hectolitres ====== 1 centilitre (cl)1 decilitre (dl)1 litre (l) 1 decalitre (dal) 1 hectolitre (hl)1 kilolitre (kl)

We can understand the metric system more clearly through the following table of metric measures.

 Thousand1000 Hundred100 Ten10 One1 Tenth1/10 Hundredth1/100 Thousandth1/1000 MetricUnit Kilo(x1000) Hecto(x100) Deca(x10) BasicUnit Deci(÷ 10) Centi(÷ 100) Milli(÷ 100) Mass Kilo-gram Hecto-gram Deca-gram Gram Deci-gram Centi-gram Milli-gram Length Kilo-metre Hecto-metre Deca-metre Metre Deci-metre Centi-metre Milli-metre Capacity Kilo-litre Hecto-litre Deca-litre Litre Deci-litre Centi-litre Milli-litre

Measurement of length, mass and capacity tables can be represented in the form of a place-value chart as shown below.

From the above table of metric system we come to know that:

Deca means 10 times

Hecto means 100 times

Kilo means 1000 times

These are the bigger units of metric system

Deci means $$\frac{1}{10}$$ times

Centi means $$\frac{1}{100}$$ times

Millimeans $$\frac{1}{1000}$$ times

These are the smaller units of metric system

Questions and Answers on Metric Measures:

I. Convert 1629 grams into

(i) kilograms

(ii) hectograms

(iii) decagrams

I. (i) 1.629 kilograms

(ii) 16.29 hectograms

(iii) 162.9 decagrams

II. Convert 4525 millilitres into

(i) litres

(ii) decilitres

(iii) centilitres

II. (i) 4.525 litres

(ii) 45.25 decilitres

(iii) 452.5 centilitres

III. Convert 4020 metres into

(i) kilometres

(ii) hectometres

(iii) decametres

III. (i) 4.02 kilometres

(ii) 40.2 hectometres

(iii) 402 decametres

IV. Convert 1756 kilograms into

(i) quintals

(ii) tonnes

IV. Convert 1756 kilograms into

(i) quintals

(ii) tonnes

V. Convert 726 quintals into tonnes

VI. Convert 125 kilometres into

(i) hectometres

(ii) decametres

(iii) metres

VII. Convert 75 kilograms into

(i) decigrams

(ii) centigrams

(iii) milligrams

VIII. Convert 120 litres into

(i) kilolitres

(ii) decalitres

(iii) decilitres

(iv) millilitres

IX. Convert 7 tonnes into

(i) kilograms

(ii) quintals

X. Convert 825 quintals into kilograms.

XI. Fill in the blanks:

(i) 5 kg 600 g = 4 kg ……… g

(ii) 3 hm 20 m = ……… m

(iii) 6 hl 4 dal = ……… l

(iv) 5 m 6 dm = ……… cm

(v) 1 km 2 hm 3 dam 2 m = ……… m

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