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Metric Measures

We will discuss here about the metric measures of length, mass and capacity.

Measurements of length, mass and capacity:

We know about the different units for measuring length, mass and capacity. We also know about the relationship between the units.

Let us revise them.

Length is measured in kilometre, metre and centimetre.

Mass is measured in kilogram and gram.

Capacity is measured in litre and millilitre.

You know that

1 metre = 100 centimetres

1 kilometre = 1000 metres

1 kilogram = 1000 grams

1 litre = 1000 millilitres

The basic unit of length is metre, the basic unit of mass is kilogram and the basic unit of capacity is litre. This system of measurement of length, mass and capacity is known as Metric system.

In metric system, we represent thousands by kilo, hundreds by hector, tens by deca, tenths by deci, hundredths by centi and thousandths by milli. This system is decimal since each unit is 10 times the next smaller unit.

As we know, the standard units of length, weight and capacity are metre (m), gram (g) and litre (l) respectively. Kilometre (km) kilogram (kg) and kilolitre (kl) are the bigger units of length, weight and capacity respectively. The three-basic unit systems of measurement of length, mass and capacity is known as metric system.

This is decimal system based on the multiples of 10.


                                          Measures of Length

10 millimetres (mm) 

10 centimetres

10 decimetres

10 metres

10 decametres

10 hectometres 

=

=

=

=

=

=

1 centimetre (cm)

1 decimetre (dm)

1 metre (m)

1 decametre (dam)

1 hectometre (hm)

1 kilometre (km)


                                          Measures of Weight

10 milligrams (mg)

10 centigrams

10 decigrams

10 grams

10 decagrams

10 hectograms

=

=

=

=

=

=

1 centigram (cg)

1 decigram (dg)

1 gram (g)

1 decagram (dag)

1 hectogram (hg)

1 kilogram (kg)


Note:

100 kg = 1 quintal

10 quintals = 1 tonne

1000 kg = 1 tonne


                                          Measures of Capacity

10 millilitres (ml)

10 centilitres

10 decilitres

10 litres

10 decalitres

10 hectolitres

=

=

=

=

=

=

1 centilitre (cl)

1 decilitre (dl)

1 litre (l)

1 decalitre (dal)

1 hectolitre (hl)

1 kilolitre (kl)


We can understand the metric system more clearly through the following table of metric measures.

Thousand

1000

Hundred

100

Ten

10

One

1

Tenth

1/10

Hundredth

1/100

Thousandth

1/1000

Metric

Unit

Kilo

(x1000)

Hecto

(x100)

Deca

(x10)

Basic

Unit

Deci

(÷ 10)

Centi

(÷ 100)

Milli

(÷ 100)

Mass

Kilo-

gram

Hecto-

gram

Deca-

gram

Gram

Deci-

gram

Centi-

gram

Milli-

gram

Length

Kilo-

metre

Hecto-

metre

Deca-

metre

Metre

Deci-

metre

Centi-

metre

Milli-

metre

Capacity

Kilo-

litre

Hecto-

litre

Deca-

litre

Litre

Deci-

litre

Centi-

litre

Milli-

litre

Measurement of length, mass and capacity tables can be represented in the form of a place-value chart as shown below.

Metric Conversion Table

From the above table of metric system we come to know that:

Deca means 10 times

Hecto means 100 times

Kilo means 1000 times

These are the bigger units of metric system


Deci means \(\frac{1}{10}\) times

Centi means \(\frac{1}{100}\) times

Millimeans \(\frac{1}{1000}\) times

These are the smaller units of metric system


Questions and Answers on Metric Measures:

I. Convert 1629 grams into

(i) kilograms

(ii) hectograms

(iii) decagrams


Answer:

I. (i) 1.629 kilograms

(ii) 16.29 hectograms

(iii) 162.9 decagrams


II. Convert 4525 millilitres into

(i) litres

(ii) decilitres

(iii) centilitres


Answer:

II. (i) 4.525 litres

(ii) 45.25 decilitres

(iii) 452.5 centilitres


III. Convert 4020 metres into

(i) kilometres

(ii) hectometres

(iii) decametres


Answer:

III. (i) 4.02 kilometres

(ii) 40.2 hectometres

(iii) 402 decametres


IV. Convert 1756 kilograms into

(i) quintals

(ii) tonnes


Answer:

IV. Convert 1756 kilograms into

(i) quintals

(ii) tonnes


V. Convert 726 quintals into tonnes


VI. Convert 125 kilometres into

(i) hectometres

(ii) decametres

(iii) metres


VII. Convert 75 kilograms into

(i) decigrams

(ii) centigrams

(iii) milligrams


VIII. Convert 120 litres into

(i) kilolitres

(ii) decalitres

(iii) decilitres

(iv) millilitres


IX. Convert 7 tonnes into

(i) kilograms

(ii) quintals


X. Convert 825 quintals into kilograms.

XI. Fill in the blanks:

(i) 5 kg 600 g = 4 kg ……… g

(ii) 3 hm 20 m = ……… m

(iii) 6 hl 4 dal = ……… l

(iv) 5 m 6 dm = ……… cm

(v) 1 km 2 hm 3 dam 2 m = ……… m




4th Grade Math Activities

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