Problems on Factorization of Expressions of the Form a\(^{2}\) - b\(^{2}\)

Here we will solve different types of Problems on Factorization of expressions of the form a2 – b2.

1. Resolve into factors: 49a2 – 81b2

Solution:

Given expression = 49a2 – 81b2

                         = (7a)2 – (9b)2

                         = (7a + 9b)(7a – 9b).

2. Factorize: (x + y)2 – 4(x – y)2

Solution:

Given expression = (x + y)2 – 4(x – y)2

                         = (x + y)2 – {2(x – y)}2

                         = {(x + y) + 2(x – y)}{(x + y) - 2(x – y)}

                         = (x + y + 2x – 2y)(x + y - 2x + 2y)

                         = (3x – y)(3y - x).


3. Factorize the expression (x2 + y2 – z2)2 – 4x2y2 of the form a2 – b2.

Solution:

Given expression = (x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\) – z\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\) – 4x\(^{2}\)y\(^{2}\)

                         = (x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\) – z\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\) – (2xy)\(^{2}\)

                         = (x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\) – z\(^{2}\) + 2xy)(x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\) – z\(^{2}\) – 2xy)

                         = (x\(^{2}\) + 2xy + y\(^{2}\) - z\(^{2}\))(x\(^{2}\) – 2xy + y\(^{2}\) – z\(^{2}\))

                         = {(x\(^{2}\) + 2xy + y\(^{2}\)) - z\(^{2}\)}{(x\(^{2}\) - 2xy + y\(^{2}\)) – z\(^{2}\)}

                         = {(x + y)\(^{2}\) - z\(^{2}\)}{(x -  y)\(^{2}\) - z\(^{2}\)}

                         = (x + y + z)(x + y - z)(x -  y + z) (x -  y - z).

 

4. Factorize 2x\(^{2}\) - 18 of the form a\(^{2}\) – b\(^{2}\).

Solution:

Given expression = 2x\(^{2}\) - 18

                          = 2(x\(^{2}\) – 9)

                          = 2(x\(^{2}\) – 3\(^{2}\))

                          = 2(x + 3)(x - 3)

 

5. Factorize: 25(a + b)\(^{2}\) – (a – b)\(^{2}\)

Solution:

Given expression = 25(a + b)\(^{2}\) – (a – b)\(^{2}\)

                          = {5(a + b)}\(^{2}\) – (a – b)\(^{2}\)

                          = {5(a + b) + (a – b)}{5(a + b) – (a – b)}

                          = (5a + 5b + a – b)(5a + 5b - a + b)

                          = (6a + 4b)(4a + 6b)

                          = {2(3a + 2b)}{2(2a + 3b)}

                          = 4(3a + 2b)(2a + 3b)


6. Factorize the expression 9(x + y)\(^{2}\) – x\(^{2}\) of the form a\(^{2}\) – b\(^{2}\).

Solution:

Given expression = 9(x + y)\(^{2}\) – x\(^{2}\)

                         = {3(x + y)}\(^{2}\) – x\(^{2}\)

                         = {3(x + y) + x}{3(x + y) - x}

                         = (3x + 3y + x)(3x + 3y - x)

                         = (4x + 3y)(2x + 3y)

 

 

7. Factorize the expression 9x\(^{2}\) – 4(y + 2x)\(^{2}\) of the form a\(^{2}\) – b\(^{2}\).

Solution:

Given expression = 9x\(^{2}\) – 4(y + 2x)\(^{2}\)

                         = (3x)\(^{2}\) – {2(y + 2x)}\(^{2}\)

                         = {3x + 2(y + 2x)}{3x - 2(y + 2x)}

                         = (3x + 2y + 4x)(3x - 2y - 4x)

                         = (7x + 2y)(-x - 2y)

                         = (7x + 2y){-(x + 2y)}

                         = -(7x + 2y)(x + 2y)

 

8. Factorize: 1 – (b – c)\(^{2}\)

Solution:

Given expression = 1 – (b – c)\(^{2}\)

                         = 1\(^{2}\) – (b – c)\(^{2}\)

                         = {1 + (b – c)}{1 - (b – c)}

                         = (1 + b – c)(1 - b + c)


9. Factorize: 81a\(^{4}\) – 16b\(^{4}\)

Solution:

Given expression = 81a\(^{4}\) – 16b\(^{4}\)

                          = (9a\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\) – (4b\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\)

                          = (9a\(^{2}\) + 4b\(^{2}\))(9a\(^{2}\) - 4b\(^{2}\))

                          = (9a\(^{2}\) + 4b\(^{2}\)){(3a)\(^{2}\) - (2b)\(^{2}\)}

                          = (9a\(^{2}\) + 4b\(^{2}\))(3a + 2b)(3a - 2b)


10. Factorize: 16ax\(^{4}\) – ay\(^{4}\)

Solution:

Given expression = 16ax\(^{4}\) – ay\(^{4}\)

                         = a(16x\(^{4}\) – y\(^{4}\))

                         = a{(4x\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\) – (y\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\)}

                         = a(4x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\))(4x\(^{2}\) - y\(^{2}\))

                         = a(4x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\)){(2x)\(^{2}\) - y\(^{2}\)}

                         = a(4x\(^{2}\) + y\(^{2}\))(2x + y)(2x – y)


11. Factorize: a\(^{4}\) – 16b\(^{4}\)

Solution:

Given expression = a\(^{4}\) – 16b\(^{4}\)

                         = (a\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\) – (4b\(^{2}\))\(^{2}\)

                         = (a\(^{2}\) + 4b\(^{2}\))(a\(^{2}\) - 4b\(^{2}\))

                         = (a^2 + 4b\(^{2}\)){a\(^{2}\) – (2b)\(^{2}\)}

                         = (a^2 + 4b\(^{2}\))(a + 2b)(a - 2b)








9th Grade Math

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