Formation of the Quadratic Equation whose Roots are Given

We will learn the formation of the quadratic equation whose roots are given.

To form a quadratic equation, let α and β be the two roots.

Let us assume that the required equation be ax\(^{2}\) + bx + c = 0 (a ≠ 0).

According to the problem, roots of this equation are α and β.

Therefore,

α + β = - \(\frac{b}{a}\) and αβ = \(\frac{c}{a}\).

Now, ax\(^{2}\) + bx + c = 0

⇒ x\(^{2}\) + \(\frac{b}{a}\)x + \(\frac{c}{a}\) = 0 (Since, a ≠ 0)

⇒ x\(^{2}\) - (α + β)x + αβ = 0, [Since, α + β = -\(\frac{b}{a}\) and αβ = \(\frac{c}{a}\)]

⇒ x\(^{2}\) - (sum of the roots)x + product of the roots = 0

⇒ x\(^{2}\) - Sx + P = 0, where S = sum of the roots and P = product of the roots ............... (i)

Formula (i) is used for the formation of a quadratic equation when its roots are given.

For example suppose we are to form the quadratic equation whose roots are 5 and (-2). By formula (i) we get the required equation as

x\(^{2}\) - [5 + (-2)]x + 5 (-2) = 0

⇒ x\(^{2}\) - [3]x + (-10) = 0

⇒ x\(^{2}\) - 3x - 10 = 0


Solved examples to form the quadratic equation whose roots are given:

1. Form an equation whose roots are 2, and - \(\frac{1}{2}\).

Solution:

The given roots are 2 and -\(\frac{1}{2}\).

Therefore, sum of the roots, S = 2 + (-\(\frac{1}{2}\)) = \(\frac{3}{2}\)

And tghe product of the given roots, P = 2 -\(\frac{1}{2}\) = - 1.

Therefore, the required equation is x\(^{2}\) – Sx + p

i.e., x\(^{2}\) - (sum of the roots)x + product of the roots = 0

i.e., x\(^{2}\) - \(\frac{3}{2}\)x – 1 = 0

i.e, 2x\(^{2}\) - 3x - 2 = 0


2. Find the quadratic equation with rational coefficients which has \(\frac{1}{3 + 2√2}\) as a root.

Solution:

According to the problem, coefficients of the required quadratic equation are rational and its one root is \(\frac{1}{3 + 2√2}\) = \(\frac{1}{3 + 2√2}\) ∙ \(\frac{3 - 2√2}{3 - 2√2}\) = \(\frac{3 - 2√2}{9 - 8}\) = 3 - 2√2.

We know in a quadratic with rational coefficients irrational roots occur in conjugate pairs).

Since equation has rational coefficients, the other root is 3 + 2√2.

Now, the sum of the roots of the given equation S = (3 - 2√2) + (3 + 2√2) = 6

Product of the roots, P = (3 - 2√2)(3 + 2√2) = 3\(^{2}\) - (2√2)\(^{2}\) = 9 - 8 = 1

Hence, the required equation is x\(^{2}\) - Sx + P = 0 i.e., x\(^{2}\) - 6x + 1 = 0.


2. Find the quadratic equation with real coefficients which has -2 + i as a root (i = √-1).

Solution:

According to the problem, coefficients of the required quadratic equation are real and its one root is -2 + i.

We know in a quadratic with real coefficients imaginary roots occur in conjugate pairs).

Since equation has rational coefficients, the other root is -2 - i

Now, the sum of the roots of the given equation S = (-2 + i) + (-2 - i) = -4

Product of the roots, P = (-2 + i)(-2 - i) = (-2)\(^{2}\) - i\(^{2}\) = 4 - (-1) = 4 + 1 = 5

Hence, the required equation is x\(^{2}\) - Sx + P = 0 i.e., x\(^{2}\) - 4x + 5 = 0.





11 and 12 Grade Math 

From Formation of the Quadratic Equation whose Roots are Given to HOME PAGE


New! Comments

Have your say about what you just read! Leave me a comment in the box below. Ask a Question or Answer a Question.



Didn't find what you were looking for? Or want to know more information about Math Only Math. Use this Google Search to find what you need.



Share this page: What’s this?

Recent Articles

  1. Multiplication of a Number by a 3-Digit Number |3-Digit Multiplication

    Mar 28, 24 06:33 PM

    Multiplying by 3-Digit Number
    In multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number are explained here step by step. Consider the following examples on multiplication of a number by a 3-digit number: 1. Find the product of 36 × 137

    Read More

  2. Multiply a Number by a 2-Digit Number | Multiplying 2-Digit by 2-Digit

    Mar 27, 24 05:21 PM

    Multiply 2-Digit Numbers by a 2-Digit Numbers
    How to multiply a number by a 2-digit number? We shall revise here to multiply 2-digit and 3-digit numbers by a 2-digit number (multiplier) as well as learn another procedure for the multiplication of…

    Read More

  3. Multiplication by 1-digit Number | Multiplying 1-Digit by 4-Digit

    Mar 26, 24 04:14 PM

    Multiplication by 1-digit Number
    How to Multiply by a 1-Digit Number We will learn how to multiply any number by a one-digit number. Multiply 2154 and 4. Solution: Step I: Arrange the numbers vertically. Step II: First multiply the d…

    Read More

  4. Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number | Three-Digit Multiplicat

    Mar 25, 24 05:36 PM

    Multiplying 3-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number
    Here we will learn multiplying 3-digit number by 1-digit number. In two different ways we will learn to multiply a two-digit number by a one-digit number. 1. Multiply 201 by 3 Step I: Arrange the numb…

    Read More

  5. Multiplying 2-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number | Multiply Two-Digit Numb

    Mar 25, 24 04:18 PM

    Multiplying 2-Digit Number by 1-Digit Number
    Here we will learn multiplying 2-digit number by 1-digit number. In two different ways we will learn to multiply a two-digit number by a one-digit number. Examples of multiplying 2-digit number by

    Read More