Find the Quartiles for Arrayed Data

Here we will learn how to find the quartiles for arrayed data.

Step I: Arrange the grouped data in ascending order and from a frequency table.

Step II: Prepare a cumulative-frequency table of the data.

Step III: (i) For Q₁: Select the cumulative frequency that is just greater than $\frac{N}{4}$, where N is the total number of observations. The variate whose cumulative frequency is the selected cumulative frequency, is Q₁.

(ii) For Q₃: Select the cumulative frequency that is just greater than $\frac{3N}{4}$, where N is the total number of observations. The variate whose cumulative frequency is the selected cumulative frequency, is Q₃.

Note: In case $\frac{N}{4}$ or $\frac{3N}{4}$ is equal to the cumulative frequency of the variate, take the mean of the variate and the next variate.

Solved Examples on Find the Quartiles for Arrayed Data:

1. Find the lower and upper quartiles of the following distribution.

Solution:

The cumulative-frequency table of the data is as below.

Here, $\frac{N}{4}$ = $\frac{16}{4}$ = 4.

The cumulative frequency just greater than 4 is 5.

The variate whose cumulative frequency is 5 is 4.

So, Q₁ = 4.

Next, $\frac{3N}{4}$ = $\frac{3 × 16}{4}$ = $\frac{48}{4}$ = 12.

The cumulative frequency just greater than 12 is 14.

The variate whose cumulative frequency is 14 is 8.

2. Marks obtained by 70 students in an examination are given below.

Find the upper quartile.

Solution:

Arrange the data in ascending order, the cumulative-frequency table is constructed as below.

Here, $\frac{N}{4}$ = $\frac{70}{4}$ = $\frac{35}{2}$ = 17.5.

Cumulative frequency just greater than 17.5 is 18.

The variate whose cumulative frequency is 18, is 35. 

So, Q₁ = 35.

Again, $\frac{3N}{4}$ = $\frac{3 × 70}{4}$ = $\frac{105}{4}$ = 52.5.

Cumulative frequency just greater than 52.5 is 61.

The variate whose cumulative frequency is 61, is 65.

Therefore, Q₃ = 65.

9th Grade Math

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