We will discuss here about the column method of multiplication. We know how to multiply a 2-digit number by a 1-digit number and 2-digit number. We also know how to multiply a 3-digit number by a 1-digit number. Similarly, we can multiply a 2-digit number by a 2-digit number.
Example: Multiply 84 by 36.
Solution:
Here multiplicand is 84 and multiplier is 36
Step I: Multiply multiplicand by the ones digit of multiplier i.e.,
2
8 4
× 6 ones
5 0 4 ones ← partial product
Step II: Multiply multiplicand by the tens digit of
multiplier i.e.,
1
8 4
× 3 tens
2 5 2 tens ← partial product
Add the partial products
504 ones + 252 tens
504 × 1 + 252 × 10
504 + 2520 = 3024
It actually means.
8 4
× 3 3
5 0 4 ↔ 84 × 6 = 504
2 5 2 0 ↔ 84 × 30 = 2520
3 0 2 4 ↔ 84 × 36 = 3024
Now we shall apply the same method to multiply a 3-digit number by a 2-digit number.
1 5 3
× 2 4
6 1 2 ↔ 153 × 4 = 612 ← partial product
3 0 6 0 ↔ 153 × 20 = 3060 ← partial product
3 6 7 2 ↔ 153 × 24 = 3672
Shortcut method (3-digit number by a 2-digit number) → Without Regrouping
Step I:
1 2 3
× 1 2
6
Step II:
1 2 3
× 1 2
4 6
Step III:
1 2 3
× 1 2
2 4 6
Step IV:
1 2 3
× 1 2
2 4 6
3 ×
7 6
Step V:
1 2 3
× 1 2
2 4 6
2 3 ×
4 7 6
Step VI:
1 2 3
× 1 2
2 4 6
1 2 3 ×
1 4 7 6
From Column Method of Multiplication to HOME PAGE
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