Subtracting 3-Digit Numbers with Borrowing

Here we will learn subtracting 3-digit numbers with borrowing. The subtractions with borrowing are solved step-by-step in four different ways.

Worked-out examples on subtracting 3-digit numbers with borrowing:

1. Subtract 239 from 425

Solution:

Smaller number is written under the greater number in column form for subtracting ones, tens, hundreds respectively.

(i) First ones are subtracted. Since, 9 > 5, so, 9 cannot be subtracted

from 5. So, 1 ten or 10 ones are borrowed from 2 tens leaving 1 ten

there. 1 ten = 10, now 10 + 5 = 15 ones.

15 ones – 9 ones = 6 ones.


Therefore, 6 is written in one’s column.

     H         T           O

               1 T   →   10

        4              2           5

 -   2          3           9

                             6

(ii) Now tens are subtracted. Since, 1 ten < 3 tens, so, 3 tens cannot be

subtracted from 1 ten. So, 1 hundred or 10 tens are borrowed from 4

hundred leaving 3 hundred there. Now, 10 tens + 1 tens = 11 tens,

11 tens – 3 tens = 8 tens.


Therefore, 8 is written in ten’s column.

       H            T            O

 1H → 10T            1T → 10

            4                2            5

 -     2            3            9

                    8             6

(iii) Now hundreds are subtracted.

Since, 3 hundred > 2 hundred,

So, 2 hundred is subtracted from 3 hundred.

3 hundred – 2 hundred = 1 hundred,

Therefore, 1 is written in hundred’s column.


Thus, 425 – 239 = 186

       H            T            O

 1H → 10T            1T → 10

            4                2            5

 -     2            3            9

       1            8             6


2. Subtract 457 from 832.

Solution:

832 – 457

                H             T             O

                8             3             2

         -     4              5             7

               3              7             5

(i) 457 is written under the greater number 832 in column form.

(ii) 2 < 7, so, 1 ten is borrowed from tens. 1 ten or 10 + 2 = 12 ones; 12 ones – 7 ones = 5 ones.

(iii) 3 tens – 1 ten = 2 tens, it is smaller than 5 tens. So, 1 hundred is borrowed from 8 hundred.

1 hundred or 10 tens + 2 tens = 12 tens; 12 tens – 5 tens = 7 tens.

(iv) 8 hundred – 1 hundred = 7 hundred; 7 hundred – 4 hundred = 3 hundred

Therefore, subtracting 3-digit numbers with borrowing 457 from 832 = 375




2nd Grade Math Practice

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